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EC0-350 Sample Questions Answers

Questions 4

Which of the following items is unique to the N-tier architecture method of designing software applications?

Options:

A.

Application layers can be separated, allowing each layer to be upgraded independently from other layers.

B.

It is compatible with various databases including Access, Oracle, and SQL.

C.

Data security is tied into each layer and must be updated for all layers when any upgrade is performed.

D.

Application layers can be written in C, ASP.NET, or Delphi without any performance loss.

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Questions 5

What is the main difference between a “Normal” SQL Injection and a “Blind” SQL Injection vulnerability?

Options:

A.

The request to the web server is not visible to the administrator of the vulnerable application.

B.

The attack is called “Blind” because, although the application properly filters user input, it is still vulnerable to code injection.

C.

The successful attack does not show an error message to the administrator of the affected application.

D.

The vulnerable application does not display errors with information about the injection results to the attacker.

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Questions 6

Which of the following ensures that updates to policies, procedures, and configurations are made in a controlled and documented fashion?

Options:

A.

Regulatory compliance

B.

Peer review

C.

Change management

D.

Penetration testing

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Questions 7

Employees in a company are no longer able to access Internet web sites on their computers. The network administrator is able to successfully ping IP address of web servers on the Internet and is able to open web sites by using an IP address in place of the URL. The administrator runs the nslookup command for www.eccouncil.org and receives an error message stating there is no response from the server. What should the administrator do next?

Options:

A.

Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP ports 53 and UDP port 53.

B.

Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP ports 80 and UDP port 443.

C.

Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP port 53.

D.

Configure the firewall to allow traffic on TCP port 8080.

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Questions 8

Which method can provide a better return on IT security investment and provide a thorough and comprehensive assessment of organizational security covering policy, procedure design, and implementation?

Options:

A.

Penetration testing

B.

Social engineering

C.

Vulnerability scanning

D.

Access control list reviews

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Questions 9

The use of technologies like IPSec can help guarantee the followinG. authenticity, integrity, confidentiality and

Options:

A.

non-repudiation.

B.

operability.

C.

security.

D.

usability.

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Questions 10

Neil is an IT security consultant working on contract for Davidson Avionics. Neil has been hired to audit the network of Davidson Avionics. He has been given permission to perform any tests necessary. Neil has created a fake company ID badge and uniform. Neil waits by one of the company's entrance doors and follows an employee into the office after they use their valid access card to gain entrance. What type of social engineering attack has Neil employed here?

Options:

A.

Neil has used a tailgating social engineering attack to gain access to the offices

B.

He has used a piggybacking technique to gain unauthorized access

C.

This type of social engineering attack is called man trapping

D.

Neil is using the technique of reverse social engineering to gain access to the offices of Davidson Avionics

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Questions 11

A security engineer is attempting to map a company’s internal network. The engineer enters in the following NMAP commanD.

NMAP –n –sS –P0 –p 80 ***.***.**.**

What type of scan is this?

Options:

A.

Quick scan

B.

Intense scan

C.

Stealth scan

D.

Comprehensive scan

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Questions 12

You receive an email with the following message:

Hello Steve,

We are having technical difficulty in restoring user database record after the recent blackout. Your account data is corrupted. Please logon to the SuperEmailServices.com and change your password.

http://www.supermailservices.com@0xde.0xad.0xbe.0xef/support/logon.htm

If you do not reset your password within 7 days, your account will be permanently disabled locking you out from our e-mail services.

Sincerely,

Technical Support

SuperEmailServices

From this e-mail you suspect that this message was sent by some hacker since you have been using their e-mail services for the last 2 years and they have never sent out an e-mail such as this. You also observe the URL in the message and confirm your suspicion about 0xde.0xad.0xbde.0xef which looks like hexadecimal numbers. You immediately enter the following at Windows 2000 command prompt:

Ping 0xde.0xad.0xbe.0xef

You get a response with a valid IP address.

What is the obstructed IP address in the e-mail URL?

Options:

A.

222.173.190.239

B.

233.34.45.64

C.

54.23.56.55

D.

199.223.23.45

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Questions 13

Hayden is the network security administrator for her company, a large finance firm based in Miami. Hayden just returned from a security conference in Las Vegas where they talked about all kinds of old and new security threats; many of which she did not know of. Hayden is worried about the current security state of her company's network so she decides to start scanning the network from an external IP address. To see how some of the hosts on her network react, she sends out SYN packets to an IP range. A number of IPs responds with a SYN/ACK response. Before the connection is established she sends RST packets to those hosts to stop the session. She does this to see how her intrusion detection system will log the traffic. What type of scan is Hayden attempting here?

Options:

A.

Hayden is attempting to find live hosts on her company's network by using an XMAS scan

B.

She is utilizing a SYN scan to find live hosts that are listening on her network

C.

The type of scan, she is using is called a NULL scan

D.

Hayden is using a half-open scan to find live hosts on her network

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Questions 14

You are doing IP spoofing while you scan your target. You find that the target has port 23 open. Anyway you are unable to connect. Why?

Options:

A.

A firewall is blocking port 23

B.

You cannot spoof + TCP

C.

You need an automated telnet tool

D.

The OS does not reply to telnet even if port 23 is open

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Questions 15

Web servers are often the most targeted and attacked hosts on organizations' networks. Attackers may exploit software bugs in the Web server, underlying operating system, or active content to gain unauthorized access.

Identify the correct statement related to the above Web Server installation?

Options:

A.

Lack of proper security policy, procedures and maintenance

B.

Bugs in server software, OS and web applications

C.

Installing the server with default settings

D.

Unpatched security flaws in the server software, OS and applications

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Questions 16

During a wireless penetration test, a tester detects an access point using WPA2 encryption. Which of the following attacks should be used to obtain the key?

Options:

A.

The tester must capture the WPA2 authentication handshake and then crack it.

B.

The tester must use the tool inSSIDer to crack it using the ESSID of the network.

C.

The tester cannot crack WPA2 because it is in full compliance with the IEEE 802.11i standard.

D.

The tester must change the MAC address of the wireless network card and then use the AirTraf tool to obtain the key.

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Questions 17

When writing shellcodes, you must avoid ____________ because these will end the string.

Options:

A.

Root bytes

B.

Null bytes

C.

Char bytes

D.

Unicode bytes

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Questions 18

One of the better features of NetWare is the use of packet signature that includes cryptographic signatures. The packet signature mechanism has four levels from 0 to 3.

In the list below which of the choices represent the level that forces NetWare to sign all packets?

Options:

A.

0 (zero)

B.

1

C.

2

D.

3

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Questions 19

A penetration tester was hired to perform a penetration test for a bank.  The tester began searching for IP ranges owned by the bank, performing lookups on the bank's DNS servers, reading news articles online about the bank, watching what times the bank employees come into work and leave from work, searching the bank's job postings (paying special attention to IT related jobs), and visiting the local dumpster for the bank's corporate office. What phase of the penetration test is the tester currently in?

Options:

A.

Information reporting

B.

Vulnerability assessment

C.

Active information gathering

D.

Passive information gathering

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Questions 20

What is the correct PCAP filter to capture all TCP traffic going to or from host 192.168.0.125 on port 25?

Options:

A.

tcp.src == 25 and ip.host == 192.168.0.125

B.

host 192.168.0.125:25

C.

port 25 and host 192.168.0.125

D.

tcp.port == 25 and ip.host == 192.168.0.125

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Questions 21

What type of port scan is represented here.

Options:

A.

Stealth Scan

B.

Full Scan

C.

XMAS Scan

D.

FIN Scan

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Questions 22

A developer for a company is tasked with creating a program that will allow customers to update their billing and shipping information. The billing address field used is limited to 50 characters.  What pseudo code would the developer use to avoid a buffer overflow attack on the billing address field?

Options:

A.

if (billingAddress = 50) {update field} else exit

B.

if (billingAddress != 50) {update field} else exit

C.

if (billingAddress >= 50) {update field} else exit

D.

if (billingAddress <= 50) {update field} else exit

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Questions 23

An attacker has captured a target file that is encrypted with public key cryptography. Which of the attacks below is likely to be used to crack the target file?

Options:

A.

Timing attack

B.

Replay attack

C.

Memory trade-off attack

D.

Chosen plain-text attack

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Questions 24

Bob is a very security conscious computer user. He plans to test a site that is known to have malicious applets, code, and more. Bob always make use of a basic Web Browser to perform such testing.

Which of the following web browser can adequately fill this purpose?

Options:

A.

Internet Explorer

B.

Mozila

C.

Lynx

D.

Tiger

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Questions 25

Jake is a network administrator who needs to get reports from all the computer and network devices on his network. Jake wants to use SNMP but is afraid that won't be secure since passwords and messages are in clear text. How can Jake gather network information in a secure manner?

Options:

A.

He can use SNMPv3

B.

Jake can use SNMPrev5

C.

He can use SecWMI

D.

Jake can use SecSNMP

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Questions 26

Passive reconnaissance involves collecting information through which of the following?

Options:

A.

Social engineering

B.

Network traffic sniffing

C.

Man in the middle attacks

D.

Publicly accessible sources

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Questions 27

Bill is a security analyst for his company. All the switches used in the company's office are Cisco switches. Bill wants to make sure all switches are safe from ARP poisoning. How can Bill accomplish this?

Options:

A.

Bill can use the command: ip dhcp snooping.

B.

Bill can use the command: no ip snoop.

C.

Bill could use the command: ip arp no flood.

D.

He could use the command: ip arp no snoop.

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Questions 28

To see how some of the hosts on your network react, Winston sends out SYN packets to an IP range. A number of IPs respond with a SYN/ACK response. Before the connection is established he sends RST packets to those hosts to stop the session. Winston has done this to see how his intrusion detection system will log the traffic. What type of scan is Winston attempting here?

Options:

A.

Winston is attempting to find live hosts on your company's network by using an XMAS scan.

B.

He is utilizing a SYN scan to find live hosts that are listening on your network.

C.

This type of scan he is using is called a NULL scan.

D.

He is using a half-open scan to find live hosts on your network.

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Questions 29

John runs a Web server, IDS and firewall on his network. Recently his Web server has been under constant hacking attacks. He looks up the IDS log files and sees no intrusion attempts but the Web server constantly locks up and needs rebooting due to various brute force and buffer overflow attacks but still the IDS alerts no intrusion whatsoever. John becomes suspicious and views the Firewall logs and he notices huge SSL connections constantly hitting his Web server. Hackers have been using the encrypted HTTPS protocol to send exploits to the Web server and that was the reason the IDS did not detect the intrusions. How would John protect his network from these types of attacks?

Options:

A.

Install a proxy server and terminate SSL at the proxy

B.

Enable the IDS to filter encrypted HTTPS traffic

C.

Install a hardware SSL "accelerator" and terminate SSL at this layer

D.

Enable the Firewall to filter encrypted HTTPS traffic

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Questions 30

If an attacker's computer sends an IPID of 31400 to a zombie (Idle Scanning) computer on an open port, what will be the response?

Options:

A.

31400

B.

31402

C.

The zombie will not send a response

D.

31401

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Questions 31

Bob is going to perform an active session hijack against Brownies Inc. He has found a target that allows session oriented connections (Telnet) and performs the sequence prediction on the target operating system. He manages to find an active session due to the high level of traffic on the network. What is Bob supposed to do next?

Options:

A.

Take over the session

B.

Reverse sequence prediction

C.

Guess the sequence numbers

D.

Take one of the parties offline

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Questions 32

In the software security development life cyle process, threat modeling occurs in which phase?

Options:

A.

Design

B.

Requirements

C.

Verification

D.

Implementation

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Questions 33

The network administrator at Spears Technology, Inc has configured the default gateway Cisco router's access-list as below:

You are hired to conduct security testing on their network. You successfully brute-force the SNMP community string using a SNMP crack tool. The access-list configured at the router prevents you from establishing a successful connection. You want to retrieve the Cisco configuration from the router. How would you proceed?

Options:

A.

Use the Cisco's TFTP default password to connect and download the configuration file

B.

Run a network sniffer and capture the returned traffic with the configuration file from the router

C.

Run Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunneling protocol from your computer to the router masking your IP address

D.

Send a customized SNMP set request with a spoofed source IP address in the range - 192.168.1.0

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Questions 34

Sally is a network admin for a small company. She was asked to install wireless accesspoints in the building. In looking at the specifications for the access-points, she sees that all of them offer WEP. Which of these are true about WEP?

Select the best answer.

Options:

A.

Stands for Wireless Encryption Protocol

B.

It makes a WLAN as secure as a LAN

C.

Stands for Wired Equivalent Privacy

D.

It offers end to end security

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Questions 35

You are a Administrator of Windows server. You want to find the port number for POP3. What file would you find the information in and where?

Select the best answer.

Options:

A.

%windir%\\etc\\services

B.

system32\\drivers\\etc\\services

C.

%windir%\\system32\\drivers\\etc\\services

D.

/etc/services

E.

%windir%/system32/drivers/etc/services

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Questions 36

Eric has discovered a fantastic package of tools named Dsniff on the Internet. He has learnt to use these tools in his lab and is now ready for real world exploitation. He was able to effectively intercept communications between the two entities and establish credentials with both sides of the connections. The two remote ends of the communication never notice that Eric is relaying the information between the two.

What would you call this attack?

Options:

A.

Interceptor

B.

Man-in-the-middle

C.

ARP Proxy

D.

Poisoning Attack

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Questions 37

E-mail scams and mail fraud are regulated by which of the following?

Options:

A.

18 U.S.C. par. 1030 Fraud and Related activity in connection with Computers

B.

18 U.S.C. par. 1029 Fraud and Related activity in connection with Access Devices

C.

18 U.S.C. par. 1362 Communication Lines, Stations, or Systems

D.

18 U.S.C. par. 2510 Wire and Electronic Communications Interception and Interception of Oral Communication

Questions 38

John is the network administrator of XSECURITY systems. His network was recently compromised. He analyzes the log files to investigate the attack. Take a look at the following Linux log file snippet. The hacker compromised and "owned" a Linux machine. What is the hacker trying to accomplish here?

Options:

A.

The hacker is attempting to compromise more machines on the network

B.

The hacker is planting a rootkit

C.

The hacker is running a buffer overflow exploit to lock down the system

D.

The hacker is trying to cover his tracks

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Questions 39

One way to defeat a multi-level security solution is to leak data via

Options:

A.

a bypass regulator.

B.

steganography.

C.

a covert channel.

D.

asymmetric routing.

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Questions 40

Which of the following items of a computer system will an anti-virus program scan for viruses?

Options:

A.

Boot Sector

B.

Deleted Files

C.

Windows Process List

D.

Password Protected Files

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Questions 41

You are the security administrator for a large network. You want to prevent attackers from running any sort of traceroute into your DMZ and discovering the internal structure of publicly accessible areas of the network. How can you achieve this?

Options:

A.

There is no way to completely block tracerouting into this area

B.

Block UDP at the firewall

C.

Block TCP at the firewall

D.

Block ICMP at the firewall

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Questions 42

A covert channel is a channel that

Options:

A.

transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is outside of the security policy.

B.

transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is within the security policy.

C.

transfers information via a communication path within a computer system, or network for transfer of data.

D.

transfers information over, within a computer system, or network that is encrypted.

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Questions 43

What command would you type to OS fingerprint a server using the command line?

Options:

A.

Option A

B.

Option B

C.

Option C

D.

Option D

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Questions 44

When an alert rule is matched in a network-based IDS like snort, the IDS does which of the following?

Options:

A.

Drops the packet and moves on to the next one

B.

Continues to evaluate the packet until all rules are checked

C.

Stops checking rules, sends an alert, and lets the packet continue

D.

Blocks the connection with the source IP address in the packet

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Questions 45

Keystroke logging is the action of tracking (or logging) the keys struck on a keyboard, typically in a covert manner so that the person using the keyboard is unaware that their actions are being monitored.

How will you defend against hardware keyloggers when using public computers and Internet Kiosks? (Select 4 answers)

Options:

A.

Alternate between typing the login credentials and typing characters somewhere else in the focus window

B.

Type a wrong password first, later type the correct password on the login page defeating the keylogger recording

C.

Type a password beginning with the last letter and then using the mouse to move the cursor for each subsequent letter.

D.

The next key typed replaces selected text portion. E.g. if the password is "secret", one could type "s", then some dummy keys "asdfsd".

Then these dummies could be selected with mouse, and next character from the password "e" is typed, which replaces the dummies

"asdfsd"

E.

The next key typed replaces selected text portion. E.g. if the password is "secret", one could type "s", then some dummy keys "asdfsd".

Then these dummies could be selected with mouse, and next character from the password "e" is typed, which replaces the dummies

"asdfsd"

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Questions 46

Clive has been monitoring his IDS and sees that there are a huge number of ICMP Echo Reply packets that are being received on the external gateway interface. Further inspection reveals that they are not responses from the internal hosts’ requests but simply responses coming from the Internet.

What could be the most likely cause?

Options:

A.

Someone has spoofed Clive’s IP address while doing a smurf attack.

B.

Someone has spoofed Clive’s IP address while doing a land attack.

C.

Someone has spoofed Clive’s IP address while doing a fraggle attack.

D.

Someone has spoofed Clive’s IP address while doing a DoS attack.

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Questions 47

Which of the following snort rules look for FTP root login attempts?

Options:

A.

alert tcp -> any port 21 (msg:"user root";)

B.

alert tcp -> any port 21 (message:"user root";)

C.

alert ftp -> ftp (content:"user password root";)

D.

alert tcp any any -> any any 21 (content:"user root";)

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Questions 48

Which tool would be used to collect wireless packet data?

Options:

A.

NetStumbler

B.

John the Ripper

C.

Nessus

D.

Netcat

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Questions 49

Bank of Timbuktu is a medium-sized, regional financial institution in Timbuktu. The bank has deployed a new Internet-accessible Web application recently. Customers can access their account balances, transfer money between accounts, pay bills and conduct online financial business using a Web browser.

John Stevens is in charge of information security at Bank of Timbuktu. After one month in production, several customers have complained about the Internet enabled banking application. Strangely, the account balances of many of the bank's customers had been changed! However, money hasn't been removed from the bank; instead, money was transferred between accounts. Given this attack profile, John Stevens reviewed the Web application's logs and found the following entries:

What kind of attack did the Hacker attempt to carry out at the bank?

Options:

A.

Brute force attack in which the Hacker attempted guessing login ID and password from password cracking tools.

B.

The Hacker attempted Session hijacking, in which the Hacker opened an account with the bank, then logged in to receive a session ID, guessed the next ID and took over Jason's session.

C.

The Hacker used a generator module to pass results to the Web server and exploited Web application CGI vulnerability.

D.

The Hacker first attempted logins with suspected user names, then used SQL Injection to gain access to valid bank login IDs.

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Questions 50

Let's imagine three companies (A, B and C), all competing in a challenging global environment. Company A and B are working together in developing a product that will generate a major competitive advantage for them. Company A has a secure DNS server while company B has a DNS server vulnerable to spoofing. With a spoofing attack on the DNS server of company B, company C gains access to outgoing e-mails from company B. How do you prevent DNS spoofing? (Select the Best Answer.)

Options:

A.

Install DNS logger and track vulnerable packets

B.

Disable DNS timeouts

C.

Install DNS Anti-spoofing

D.

Disable DNS Zone Transfer

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Questions 51

You have the SOA presented below in your Zone. Your secondary servers have not been able to contact your primary server to synchronize information. How long will the secondary servers attempt to contact the primary server before it considers that zone is dead and stops responding to queries?

collegae.edu.SOA, cikkye.edu ipad.college.edu. (200302028 3600 3600 604800 3600)

Options:

A.

One day

B.

One hour

C.

One week

D.

One month

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Questions 52

Which of the following statements are true regarding N-tier architecture? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Each layer must be able to exist on a physically independent system.

B.

The N-tier architecture must have at least one logical layer.

C.

Each layer should exchange information only with the layers above and below it. 

D.

When a layer is changed or updated, the other layers must also be recompiled or modified.

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Questions 53

Oregon Corp is fighting a litigation suit with Scamster Inc. Oregon has assigned a private investigative agency to go through garbage, recycled paper, and other rubbish at Scamster's office site in order to find relevant information. What would you call this kind of activity?

Options:

A.

CI Gathering

B.

Scanning

C.

Dumpster Diving

D.

Garbage Scooping

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Questions 54

Which of the following is a common Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) vulnerability?

Options:

A.

Cross-site scripting

B.

SQL injection

C.

VPath injection

D.

XML denial of service issues

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Questions 55

What is the main disadvantage of the scripting languages as opposed to compiled programming languages?

Options:

A.

Scripting languages are hard to learn.

B.

Scripting languages are not object-oriented.

C.

Scripting languages cannot be used to create graphical user interfaces.

D.

Scripting languages are slower because they require an interpreter to run the code.

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Questions 56

What type of port scan is shown below?

Options:

A.

Idle Scan

B.

Windows Scan

C.

XMAS Scan

D.

SYN Stealth Scan

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Questions 57

Perimeter testing means determining exactly what your firewall blocks and what it allows. To conduct a good test, you can spoof source IP addresses and source ports. Which of the following command results in packets that will appear to originate from the system at 10.8.8.8? Such a packet is useful for determining whether the firewall is allowing random packets in or out of your network.

Options:

A.

hping3 -T 10.8.8.8 -S netbios -c 2 -p 80

B.

hping3 -Y 10.8.8.8 -S windows -c 2 -p 80

C.

hping3 -O 10.8.8.8 -S server -c 2 -p 80

D.

hping3 -a 10.8.8.8 -S springfield -c 2 -p 80

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Questions 58

An attacker sniffs encrypted traffic from the network and is subsequently able to decrypt it. The attacker can now use which cryptanalytic technique to attempt to discover the encryption key?

Options:

A.

Birthday attack

B.

Plaintext attack

C.

Meet in the middle attack

D.

Chosen ciphertext attack

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Questions 59

Which of the following Netcat commands would be used to perform a UDP scan of the lower 1024 ports?

Options:

A.

Netcat -h -U

B.

Netcat -hU

C.

Netcat -sU -p 1-1024

D.

Netcat -u -v -w2 1-1024

E.

Netcat -sS -O target/1024

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Questions 60

Windows LAN Manager (LM) hashes are known to be weak. Which of the following are known weaknesses of LM? (Choose three)

Options:

A.

Converts passwords to uppercase.

B.

Hashes are sent in clear text over the network.

C.

Makes use of only 32 bit encryption.

D.

Effective length is 7 characters.

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Questions 61

Which of the following display filters will you enable in Ethereal to view the three-way handshake for a connection from host 192.168.0.1?

Options:

A.

ip == 192.168.0.1 and tcp.syn

B.

ip.addr = 192.168.0.1 and syn = 1

C.

ip.addr==192.168.0.1 and tcp.flags.syn

D.

ip.equals 192.168.0.1 and syn.equals on

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Questions 62

You are attempting to crack LM Manager hashed from Windows 2000 SAM file. You will be using LM Brute force hacking tool for decryption.

What encryption algorithm will you be decrypting?

Options:

A.

MD4

B.

DES

C.

SHA

D.

SSL

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Questions 63

What file system vulnerability does the following command take advantage of?

type c:\anyfile.exe > c:\winnt\system32\calc.exe:anyfile.exe

Options:

A.

HFS

B.

ADS

C.

NTFS

D.

Backdoor access

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Questions 64

Which of the following command line switch would you use for OS detection in Nmap?

Options:

A.

-D

B.

-O

C.

-P

D.

-X

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Questions 65

__________ is found in all versions of NTFS and is described as the ability to fork file data into existing files without affecting their functionality, size, or display to traditional file browsing utilities like dir or Windows Explorer

Options:

A.

Alternate Data Streams

B.

Merge Streams

C.

Steganography

D.

NetBIOS vulnerability

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Questions 66

A XYZ security System Administrator is reviewing the network system log files.

He notes the following:

  • Network log files are at 5 MB at 12:00 noon.
  • At 14:00 hours, the log files at 3 MB.

What should he assume has happened and what should he do about the situation?

Options:

A.

He should contact the attacker’s ISP as soon as possible and have the connection disconnected.

B.

He should log the event as suspicious activity, continue to investigate, and take further steps according to site security policy.

C.

He should log the file size, and archive the information, because the router crashed.

D.

He should run a file system check, because the Syslog server has a self correcting file system problem.

E.

He should disconnect from the Internet discontinue any further unauthorized use, because an attack has taken place.

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Questions 67

The following excerpt is taken from a honeyput log. The log captures activities across three days. There are several intrusion attempts; however, a few are successful. Study the log given below and answer the following question:

(Note: The objective of this questions is to test whether the student has learnt about passive OS fingerprinting (which should tell them the OS from log captures): can they tell a SQL injection attack signature; can they infer if a user ID has been created by an attacker and whether they can read plain source – destination entries from log entries.)

What can you infer from the above log?

Options:

A.

The system is a windows system which is being scanned unsuccessfully.

B.

The system is a web application server compromised through SQL injection.

C.

The system has been compromised and backdoored by the attacker.

D.

The actual IP of the successful attacker is 24.9.255.53.

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Questions 68

You have initiated an active operating system fingerprinting attempt with nmap against a target system:

What operating system is the target host running based on the open ports shown above?

Options:

A.

Windows XP

B.

Windows 98 SE

C.

Windows NT4 Server

D.

Windows 2000 Server

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Questions 69

Study the log below and identify the scan type.

Options:

A.

nmap -sR 192.168.1.10

B.

nmap -sS 192.168.1.10

C.

nmap -sV 192.168.1.10

D.

nmap -sO -T 192.168.1.10

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Questions 70

What is the proper response for a FIN scan if the port is closed?

Options:

A.

SYN

B.

ACK

C.

FIN

D.

PSH

E.

RST

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Questions 71

Destination unreachable administratively prohibited messages can inform the hacker to what?

Options:

A.

That a circuit level proxy has been installed and is filtering traffic

B.

That his/her scans are being blocked by a honeypot or jail

C.

That the packets are being malformed by the scanning software

D.

That a router or other packet-filtering device is blocking traffic

E.

That the network is functioning normally

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Questions 72

What is the correct order of steps in CEH System Hacking Cycle?

Options:

A.

Option A

B.

Option B

C.

Option C

D.

Option D

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Questions 73

While examining audit logs, you discover that people are able to telnet into the SMTP server on port 25. You would like to block this, though you do not see any evidence of an attack or other wrong doing. However, you are concerned about affecting the normal functionality of the email server. From the following options choose how best you can achieve this objective?

Options:

A.

Block port 25 at the firewall.

B.

Shut off the SMTP service on the server.

C.

Force all connections to use a username and password.

D.

Switch from Windows Exchange to UNIX Sendmail.

E.

None of the above.

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Questions 74

Peter, a Network Administrator, has come to you looking for advice on a tool that would help him perform SNMP enquires over the network. Which of these tools would do the SNMP enumeration he is looking for?

Select the best answers.

Options:

A.

SNMPUtil

B.

SNScan

C.

SNMPScan

D.

Solarwinds IP Network Browser

E.

NMap

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Questions 75

Which of the following represents the initial two commands that an IRC client sends to join an IRC network?

Options:

A.

USER, NICK

B.

LOGIN, NICK

C.

USER, PASS

D.

LOGIN, USER

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Questions 76

Which definition among those given below best describes a covert channel?

Options:

A.

A server program using a port that is not well known.

B.

Making use of a protocol in a way it is not intended to be used.

C.

It is the multiplexing taking place on a communication link.

D.

It is one of the weak channels used by WEP which makes it insecure.

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Questions 77

You want to use netcat to generate huge amount of useless network data continuously for various performance testing between 2 hosts.

Which of the following commands accomplish this?

Options:

A.

Machine A

#yes AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA | nc –v –v –l –p 2222 > /dev/null

Machine B

#yes BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB | nc machinea 2222 > /dev/null

B.

Machine A

cat somefile | nc –v –v –l –p 2222

Machine B

cat somefile | nc othermachine 2222

C.

Machine A

nc –l –p 1234 | uncompress –c | tar xvfp

Machine B

tar cfp - /some/dir | compress –c | nc –w 3 machinea 1234

D.

Machine A

while true : do

nc –v –l –s –p 6000 machineb 2

Machine B

while true ; do

nc –v –l –s –p 6000 machinea 2

done

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Questions 78

Exhibit:

Based on the following extract from the log of a compromised machine, what is the hacker really trying to steal?

Options:

A.

har.txt

B.

SAM file

C.

wwwroot

D.

Repair file

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Questions 79

What is the term 8 to describe an attack that falsifies a broadcast ICMP echo request and includes a primary and secondary victim?

Options:

A.

Fraggle Attack

B.

Man in the Middle Attack

C.

Trojan Horse Attack

D.

Smurf Attack

E.

Back Orifice Attack

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Questions 80

What ports should be blocked on the firewall to prevent NetBIOS traffic from not coming through the firewall if your network is comprised of Windows NT, 2000, and XP?(Choose all that apply.

Options:

A.

110

B.

135

C.

139

D.

161

E.

445

F.

1024

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Questions 81

Study the snort rule given below:

From the options below, choose the exploit against which this rule applies.

Options:

A.

WebDav

B.

SQL Slammer

C.

MS Blaster

D.

MyDoom

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Questions 82

Exhibit:

ettercap –NCLzs --quiet

What does the command in the exhibit do in “Ettercap”?

Options:

A.

This command will provide you the entire list of hosts in the LAN

B.

This command will check if someone is poisoning you and will report its IP.

C.

This command will detach from console and log all the collected passwords from the network to a file.

D.

This command broadcasts ping to scan the LAN instead of ARP request of all the subnet IPs.

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Questions 83

When Jason moves a file via NFS over the company's network, you want to grab a copy of it by sniffing. Which of the following tool accomplishes this?

Options:

A.

macof

B.

webspy

C.

filesnarf

D.

nfscopy

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Questions 84

Exhibit:

The following is an entry captured by a network IDS.You are assigned the task of analyzing this entry. You notice the value 0x90, which is the most common NOOP instruction for the Intel processor. You figure that the attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack. You also notice "/bin/sh" in the ASCII part of the output. As an analyst what would you conclude about the attack?

Options:

A.

The buffer overflow attack has been neutralized by the IDS

B.

The attacker is creating a directory on the compromised machine

C.

The attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack and has succeeded

D.

The attacker is attempting an exploit that launches a command-line shell

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Questions 85

What did the following commands determine?

C: user2sid \earth guest

S-1-5-21-343818398-789336058-1343024091-501

C:sid2user 5 21 343818398 789336058 1343024091 500

Name is Joe

Domain is EARTH

Options:

A.

That the Joe account has a SID of 500

B.

These commands demonstrate that the guest account has NOT been disabled

C.

These commands demonstrate that the guest account has been disabled

D.

That the true administrator is Joe

E.

Issued alone, these commands prove nothing

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Questions 86

How would you describe a simple yet very effective mechanism for sending and receiving unauthorized information or data between machines without alerting any firewalls and IDS's on a network?

Options:

A.

Covert Channel

B.

Crafted Channel

C.

Bounce Channel

D.

Deceptive Channel

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Questions 87

Which one of the following network attacks takes advantages of weaknesses in the fragment reassembly functionality of the TCP/IP protocol stack?

Options:

A.

Teardrop

B.

Smurf

C.

Ping of Death

D.

SYN flood

E.

SNMP Attack

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Questions 88

What hacking attack is challenge/response authentication used to prevent?

Options:

A.

Replay attacks

B.

Scanning attacks

C.

Session hijacking attacks

D.

Password cracking attacks

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Questions 89

An attacker runs netcat tool to transfer a secret file between two hosts.

Machine A: netcat -l -p 1234 < secretfile

Machine B: netcat 192.168.3.4 > 1234

He is worried about information being sniffed on the network. How would the attacker use netcat to encrypt the information before transmitting onto the wire?

Options:

A.

Machine A: netcat -l -p -s password 1234 < testfile

Machine B: netcat 1234

B.

Machine A: netcat -l -e magickey -p 1234 < testfile

Machine B: netcat 1234

C.

Machine A: netcat -l -p 1234 < testfile -pw password

Machine B: netcat 1234 -pw password

D.

Use cryptcat instead of netcat

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Questions 90

Erik notices a big increase in UDP packets sent to port 1026 and 1027 occasionally. He enters the following at the command prompt.

$ nc -l -p 1026 -u -v

In response, he sees the following message.

cell(?(c)????STOPALERT77STOP! WINDOWS REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION.

Windows has found 47 Critical Errors.

To fix the errors please do the following:

1. Download Registry Repair from: www.reg-patch.com

2. Install Registry Repair

3. Run Registry Repair

4. Reboot your computer

FAILURE TO ACT NOW MAY LEAD TO DATA LOSS AND CORRUPTION!

What would you infer from this alert?

Options:

A.

The machine is redirecting traffic to www.reg-patch.com using adware

B.

It is a genuine fault of windows registry and the registry needs to be backed up

C.

An attacker has compromised the machine and backdoored ports 1026 and 1027

D.

It is a messenger spam. Windows creates a listener on one of the low dynamic ports from 1026 to 1029 and the message usually promotes malware disguised as legitimate utilities

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Questions 91

Assuring two systems that are using IPSec to protect traffic over the internet, what type of general attack could compromise the data?

Options:

A.

Spoof Attack

B.

Smurf Attack

C.

Man inthe Middle Attack

D.

Trojan Horse Attack

E.

Back Orifice Attack

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Questions 92

Null sessions are un-authenticated connections (not using a username or password.) to an NT or 2000 system. Which TCP and UDP ports must you filter to check null sessions on your network?

Options:

A.

137 and 139

B.

137 and 443

C.

139 and 443

D.

139 and 445

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Questions 93

Under what conditions does a secondary name server request a zone transfer from a primary name server?

Options:

A.

When a primary SOA is higher that a secondary SOA

B.

When a secondary SOA is higher that a primary SOA

C.

When a primary name server has had its service restarted

D.

When a secondary name server has had its service restarted

E.

When the TTL falls to zero

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Questions 94

You have retrieved the raw hash values from a Windows 2000 Domain Controller. Using social engineering, you come to know that they are enforcing strong passwords. You understand that all users are required to use passwords that are at least 8 characters in length. All passwords must also use 3 of the 4 following categories: lower case letters, capital letters, numbers and special characters.

With your existing knowledge of users, likely user account names and the possibility that they will choose the easiest passwords possible, what would be the fastest type of password cracking attack you can run against these hash values and still get results?

Options:

A.

Online Attack

B.

Dictionary Attack

C.

Brute Force Attack

D.

Hybrid Attack

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Questions 95

Fingerprinting an Operating System helps a cracker because:

Options:

A.

It defines exactly what software you have installed

B.

It opens a security-delayed window based on the port being scanned

C.

It doesn't depend on the patches that have been applied to fix existing security holes

D.

It informs the cracker of which vulnerabilities he may be able to exploit on your system

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Questions 96

What would best be defined as a security test on services against a known vulnerability database using an automated tool?

Options:

A.

A penetration test

B.

A privacy review

C.

A server audit

D.

A vulnerability assessment

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Questions 97

What is the expected result of the following exploit?

Options:

A.

Opens up a telnet listener that requires no username or password.

B.

Create a FTP server with write permissions enabled.

C.

Creates a share called “sasfile” on the target system.

D.

Creates an account with a user name of Anonymous and a password of noone@nowhere.com.

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Questions 98

You are gathering competitive intelligence on an organization. You notice that they have jobs listed on a few Internet job-hunting sites. There are two jobs for network and system administrators. How can this help you in foot printing the organization?

Options:

A.

To learn about the IP range used by the target network

B.

To identify the number of employees working for the company

C.

To test the limits of the corporate security policy enforced in the company

D.

To learn about the operating systems, services and applications used on the network

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Questions 99

What does the term “Ethical Hacking” mean?

Options:

A.

Someone who is hacking for ethical reasons.

B.

Someone who is using his/her skills for ethical reasons.

C.

Someone who is using his/her skills for defensive purposes.

D.

Someone who is using his/her skills for offensive purposes.

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Questions 100

What is "Hacktivism"?

Options:

A.

Hacking for a cause

B.

Hacking ruthlessly

C.

An association which groups activists

D.

None of the above

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Questions 101

What is the disadvantage of an automated vulnerability assessment tool?

Options:

A.

Ineffective

B.

Slow

C.

Prone to false positives

D.

Prone to false negatives

E.

Noisy

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Questions 102

NSLookup is a good tool to use to gain additional information about a target network. What does the following command accomplish?

nslookup

> server

> set type =any

> ls -d

Options:

A.

Enables DNS spoofing

B.

Loads bogus entries into the DNS table

C.

Verifies zone security

D.

Performs a zone transfer

E.

Resets the DNS cache

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Questions 103

You have successfully gained access to a victim's computer using Windows 2003 Server SMB Vulnerability. Which command will you run to disable auditing from the cmd?

Options:

A.

stoplog stoplog ?

B.

EnterPol /nolog

C.

EventViewer o service

D.

auditpol.exe /disable

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Questions 104

Which of the following systems would not respond correctly to an nmap XMAS scan?

Options:

A.

Windows 2000 Server running IIS 5

B.

Any Solaris version running SAMBA Server

C.

Any version of IRIX

D.

RedHat Linux 8.0 running Apache Web Server

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Questions 105

What ICMP message types are used by the ping command?

Options:

A.

Timestamp request (13) and timestamp reply (14)

B.

Echo request (8) and Echo reply (0)

C.

Echo request (0) and Echo reply (1)

D.

Ping request (1) and Ping reply (2)

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Questions 106

While attempting to discover the remote operating system on the target computer, you receive the following results from an nmap scan:

Remote operating system guess: Too many signatures match to reliably guess the OS.

Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 277.483 seconds

What should be your next step to identify the OS?

Options:

A.

Perform a firewalk with that system as the target IP

B.

Perform a tcp traceroute to the system using port 53

C.

Run an nmap scan with the -v-v option to give a better output

D.

Connect to the active services and review the banner information

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Questions 107

What are the default passwords used by SNMP? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Password

B.

SA

C.

Private

D.

Administrator

E.

Public

F.

Blank

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Questions 108

A corporation hired an ethical hacker to test if it is possible to obtain users' login credentials using methods other than social engineering. Access to offices and to a network node is granted.  Results from server scanning indicate all are adequately patched and physical access is denied, thus, administrators have access only through Remote Desktop. Which technique could be used to obtain login credentials?

Options:

A.

Capture every users' traffic with Ettercap.

B.

Capture LANMAN Hashes and crack them with LC6.

C.

Guess passwords using Medusa or Hydra against a network service.

D.

Capture administrators RDP traffic and decode it with Cain and Abel.

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Questions 109

An attacker has been successfully modifying the purchase price of items purchased on the company's web site. The security administrators verify the web server and Oracle database have not been compromised directly. They have also verified the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) logs and found no attacks that could have caused this. What is the mostly likely way the attacker has been able to modify the purchase price?

Options:

A.

By using SQL injection

B.

By changing hidden form values

C.

By using cross site scripting

D.

By utilizing a buffer overflow attack

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Questions 110

While conducting a penetration test, the tester determines that there is a firewall between the tester's machine and the target machine. The firewall is only monitoring TCP handshaking of packets at the session layer of the OSI model.  Which type of firewall is the tester trying to traverse?

Options:

A.

Packet filtering firewall

B.

Application-level firewall

C.

Circuit-level gateway firewall

D.

Stateful multilayer inspection firewall

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Questions 111

Which of the following is an example of IP spoofing?

Options:

A.

SQL injections

B.

Man-in-the-middle

C.

Cross-site scripting

D.

ARP poisoning

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Questions 112

Which type of access control is used on a router or firewall to limit network activity?

Options:

A.

Mandatory

B.

Discretionary

C.

Rule-based

D.

Role-based

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Questions 113

The intrusion detection system at a software development company suddenly generates multiple alerts regarding attacks against the company's external webserver, VPN concentrator, and DNS servers.  What should the security team do to determine which alerts to check first?

Options:

A.

Investigate based on the maintenance schedule of the affected systems.

B.

Investigate based on the service level agreements of the systems.

C.

Investigate based on the potential effect of the incident.

D.

Investigate based on the order that the alerts arrived in.

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Questions 114

Which of the following tools will scan a network to perform vulnerability checks and compliance auditing?

Options:

A.

NMAP

B.

Metasploit

C.

Nessus

D.

BeEF

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Questions 115

Which of the statements concerning proxy firewalls is correct?

Options:

A.

Proxy firewalls increase the speed and functionality of a network.

B.

Firewall proxy servers decentralize all activity for an application.

C.

Proxy firewalls block network packets from passing to and from a protected network.

D.

Computers establish a connection with a proxy firewall which initiates a new network connection for the client.

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Questions 116

What is a successful method for protecting a router from potential smurf attacks?

Options:

A.

Placing the router in broadcast mode

B.

Enabling port forwarding on the router

C.

Installing the router outside of the network's firewall

D.

Disabling the router from accepting broadcast ping messages

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Questions 117

Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups determine the strength of the key used in the key exchange process.  Which of the following is the correct bit size of the Diffie-Hellman (DH) group 5?

Options:

A.

768 bit key

B.

1025 bit key

C.

1536 bit key

D.

2048 bit key

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Questions 118

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard 27002 provides guidance for compliance by outlining

Options:

A.

guidelines and practices for security controls.

B.

financial soundness and business viability metrics.

C.

standard best practice for configuration management.

D.

contract agreement writing standards.

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Questions 119

For messages sent through an insecure channel, a properly implemented digital signature gives the receiver reason to believe the message was sent by the claimed sender. While using a digital signature, the message digest is encrypted with which key?

Options:

A.

Sender's public key

B.

Receiver's private key

C.

Receiver's public key

D.

Sender's private key

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Questions 120

A company firewall engineer has configured a new DMZ to allow public systems to be located away from the internal network. The engineer has three security zones set:

Untrust (Internet) – (Remote network = 217.77.88.0/24)

DMZ (DMZ) – (11.12.13.0/24)

Trust (Intranet) – (192.168.0.0/24)

The engineer wants to configure remote desktop access from a fixed IP on the remote network to a remote desktop server in the DMZ. Which rule would best fit this requirement?

Options:

A.

Permit  217.77.88.0/24  11.12.13.0/24 RDP 3389

B.

Permit  217.77.88.12    11.12.13.50     RDP 3389

C.

Permit  217.77.88.12    11.12.13.0/24 RDP 3389

D.

Permit  217.77.88.0/24  11.12.13.50     RDP 3389

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Questions 121

A security consultant is trying to bid on a large contract that involves penetration testing and reporting. The company accepting bids wants proof of work so the consultant prints out several audits that have been performed. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result?

Options:

A.

The consultant will ask for money on the bid because of great work.

B.

The consultant may expose vulnerabilities of other companies.

C.

The company accepting bids will want the same type of format of testing.

D.

The company accepting bids will hire the consultant because of the great work performed.

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Questions 122

Which of the following is a characteristic of Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?

Options:

A.

Public-key cryptosystems are faster than symmetric-key cryptosystems.

B.

Public-key cryptosystems distribute public-keys within digital signatures.

C.

Public-key cryptosystems do not require a secure key distribution channel.

D.

Public-key cryptosystems do not provide technical non-repudiation via digital signatures.

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Questions 123

What statement is true regarding LM hashes?

Options:

A.

LM hashes consist in 48 hexadecimal characters.

B.

LM hashes are based on AES128 cryptographic standard.

C.

Uppercase characters in the password are converted to lowercase.

D.

LM hashes are not generated when the password length exceeds 15 characters.

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Questions 124

A security analyst in an insurance company is assigned to test a new web application that will be used by clients to help them choose and apply for an insurance plan. The analyst discovers that the application is developed in ASP scripting language and it uses MSSQL as a database backend. The analyst locates the application's search form and introduces the following code in the search input fielD.

IMG SRC=vbscript:msgbox("Vulnerable");> originalAttribute="SRC" originalPath="vbscript:msgbox("Vulnerable");>"

When the analyst submits the form, the browser returns a pop-up window that says "Vulnerable".

Which web applications vulnerability did the analyst discover?

Options:

A.

Cross-site request forgery

B.

Command injection

C.

Cross-site scripting

D.

SQL injection

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Questions 125

A security policy will be more accepted by employees if it is consistent and has the support of

Options:

A.

coworkers.

B.

executive management.

C.

the security officer.

D.

a supervisor.

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Questions 126

Which of the following lists are valid data-gathering activities associated with a risk assessment?

Options:

A.

Threat identification, vulnerability identification, control analysis

B.

Threat identification, response identification, mitigation identification

C.

Attack profile, defense profile, loss profile

D.

System profile, vulnerability identification, security determination

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Questions 127

To reduce the attack surface of a system, administrators should perform which of the following processes to remove unnecessary software, services, and insecure configuration settings?

Options:

A.

Harvesting

B.

Windowing

C.

Hardening

D.

Stealthing

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Questions 128

What is the purpose of conducting security assessments on network resources?

Options:

A.

Documentation

B.

Validation

C.

Implementation

D.

Management

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Questions 129

A consultant has been hired by the V.P. of a large financial organization to assess the company's security posture.  During the security testing, the consultant comes across child pornography on the V.P.'s computer.  What is the consultant's obligation to the financial organization?

Options:

A.

Say nothing and continue with the security testing.

B.

Stop work immediately and contact the authorities.

C.

Delete the pornography, say nothing, and continue security testing.

D.

Bring the discovery to the financial organization's human resource department.

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Questions 130

Which of the following is a protocol that is prone to a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack and maps a 32-bit address to a 48-bit address?

Options:

A.

ICPM

B.

ARP

C.

RARP

D.

ICMP

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Questions 131

____________ will let you assume a users identity at a dynamically generated web page or site.

Options:

A.

SQL attack

B.

Injection attack

C.

Cross site scripting

D.

The shell attack

E.

Winzapper

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Questions 132

Matthew re-injects a captured wireless packet back onto the network. He does this hundreds of times within a second. The packet is correctly encrypted and Matthew assumes it is an ARP request packet. The wireless host responds with a stream of responses, all individually encrypted with different IVs. What is this attack most appropriately called?

Options:

A.

Spoof attack

B.

Replay attack

C.

Injection attack

D.

Rebound attack

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Questions 133

Which of the following buffer overflow exploits are related to Microsoft IIS web server? (Choose three)

Options:

A.

Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) buffer overflow

B.

Code Red Worm

C.

Indexing services ISAPI extension buffer overflow

D.

NeXT buffer overflow

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Questions 134

Jackson discovers that the wireless AP transmits 128 bytes of plaintext, and the station responds by encrypting the plaintext. It then transmits the resulting ciphertext using the same key and cipher that are used by WEP to encrypt subsequent network traffic. What authentication mechanism is being followed here?

Options:

A.

no authentication

B.

single key authentication

C.

shared key authentication

D.

open system authentication

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Questions 135

Symmetric encryption algorithms are known to be fast but present great challenges on the key management side. Asymmetric encryption algorithms are slow but allow communication with a remote host without having to transfer a key out of band or in person. If we combine the strength of both crypto systems where we use the symmetric algorithm to encrypt the bulk of the data and then use the asymmetric encryption system to encrypt the symmetric key, what would this type of usage be known as?

Options:

A.

Symmetric system

B.

Combined system

C.

Hybrid system

D.

Asymmetric system

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Questions 136

When referring to the Domain Name Service, what is denoted by a ‘zone’?

Options:

A.

It is the first domain that belongs to a company.

B.

It is a collection of resource records.

C.

It is the first resource record type in the SOA.

D.

It is a collection of domains.

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Questions 137

Your boss Tess King is attempting to modify the parameters of a Web-based application in order to alter the SQL statements that are parsed to retrieve data from the database. What would you call such an attack?

Options:

A.

SQL Input attack

B.

SQL Piggybacking attack

C.

SQL Select attack

D.

SQL Injection attack

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Questions 138

You have just installed a new Linux file server at your office. This server is going to be used by several individuals in the organization, and unauthorized personnel must not be able to modify any data.

What kind of program can you use to track changes to files on the server?

Options:

A.

Network Based IDS (NIDS)

B.

Personal Firewall

C.

System Integrity Verifier (SIV)

D.

Linux IP Chains

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Questions 139

Why would an ethical hacker use the technique of firewalking?

Options:

A.

It is a technique used to discover wireless network on foot.

B.

It is a technique used to map routers on a network link.

C.

It is a technique used to discover the nature of rules configured on a gateway.

D.

It is a technique used to discover interfaces in promiscuous mode.

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Questions 140

This packet was taken from a packet sniffer that monitors a Web server.

This packet was originally 1514 bytes long, but only the first 512 bytes are shown here. This is the standard hexdump representation of a network packet, before being decoded. A hexdump has three columns: the offset of each line, the hexadecimal data, and the ASCII equivalent. This packet contains a 14-byte Ethernet header, a 20-byte IP header, a 20-byte TCP header, an HTTP header ending in two line-feeds (0D 0A 0D 0A) and then the data. By examining the packet identify the name and version of the Web server?

Options:

A.

Apache 1.2

B.

IIS 4.0

C.

IIS 5.0

D.

Linux WServer 2.3

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Questions 141

An employee wants to defeat detection by a network-based IDS application. He does not want to attack the system containing the IDS application.

Which of the following strategies can be used to defeat detection by a network-based IDS application? (Choose the best answer)

Options:

A.

Create a network tunnel.

B.

Create a multiple false positives.

C.

Create a SYN flood.

D.

Create a ping flood.

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Questions 142

You visit a website to retrieve the listing of a company's staff members. But you can not find it on the website. You know the listing was certainly present one year before. How can you retrieve information from the outdated website?

Options:

A.

Through Google searching cached files

B.

Through Archive.org

C.

Download the website and crawl it

D.

Visit customers' and prtners' websites

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Questions 143

Which are true statements concerning the BugBear and Pretty Park worms?

Select the best answers.

Options:

A.

Both programs use email to do their work.

B.

Pretty Park propagates via network shares and email

C.

BugBear propagates via network shares and email

D.

Pretty Park tries to connect to an IRC server to send your personal passwords.

E.

Pretty Park can terminate anti-virus applications that might be running to bypass them.

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Questions 144

Which of the following is one of the key features found in a worm but not seen in a virus?

Options:

A.

The payload is very small, usually below 800 bytes.

B.

It is self replicating without need for user intervention.

C.

It does not have the ability to propagate on its own.

D.

All of them cannot be detected by virus scanners.

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Questions 145

What is a primary advantage a hacker gains by using encryption or programs such as Loki?

Options:

A.

It allows an easy way to gain administrator rights

B.

It is effective against Windows computers

C.

It slows down the effective response of an IDS

D.

IDS systems are unable to decrypt it

E.

Traffic will not be modified in transit

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Questions 146

Exhibit

Study the log given in the exhibit,

Precautionary measures to prevent this attack would include writing firewall rules. Of these firewall rules, which among the following would be appropriate?

Options:

A.

Disallow UDP 53 in from outside to DNS server

B.

Allow UDP 53 in from DNS server to outside

C.

Disallow TCP 53 in form secondaries or ISP server to DNS server

D.

Block all UDP traffic

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Questions 147

John is discussing security with Jane. Jane had mentioned to John earlier that she suspects an LKM has been installed on her server. She believes this is the reason that the server has been acting erratically lately. LKM stands for Loadable Kernel Module.

What does this mean in the context of Linux Security?

Options:

A.

Loadable Kernel Modules are a mechanism for adding functionality to a file system without requiring a kernel recompilation.

B.

Loadable Kernel Modules are a mechanism for adding functionality to an operating-system kernel after it has been recompiled and the system rebooted.

C.

Loadable Kernel Modules are a mechanism for adding auditing to an operating-system kernel without requiring a kernel recompilation.

D.

Loadable Kernel Modules are a mechanism for adding functionality to an operating-system kernel without requiring a kernel recompilation.

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Questions 148

Which is the Novell Netware Packet signature level used to sign all packets ?

Options:

A.

0

B.

1

C.

2

D.

3

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Questions 149

WEP is used on 802.11 networks, what was it designed for?

Options:

A.

WEP is designed to provide a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a level of security and privacy comparable to what it usually expected of a wired LAN.

B.

WEP is designed to provide strong encryption to a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a lever of integrity and privacy adequate for sensible but unclassified information.

C.

WEP is designed to provide a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a level of availability and privacy comparable to what is usually expected of a wired LAN.

D.

WEOP is designed to provide a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a level of privacy comparable to what it usually expected of a wired LAN.

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Questions 150

Access control is often implemented through the use of MAC address filtering on wireless Access Points. Why is this considered to be a very limited security measure?

Options:

A.

Vendors MAC address assignment is published on the Internet.

B.

The MAC address is not a real random number.

C.

The MAC address is broadcasted and can be captured by a sniffer.

D.

The MAC address is used properly only on Macintosh computers.

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Questions 151

Exhibit:

Given the following extract from the snort log on a honeypot, what service is being exploited? :

Options:

A.

FTP

B.

SSH

C.

Telnet

D.

SMTP

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Questions 152

You are gathering competitive intelligence on XYZ.com. You notice that they have jobs listed on a few Internet job-hunting sites. There are two job postings for network and system administrators. How can this help you in footprint the organization?

Options:

A.

The IP range used by the target network

B.

An understanding of the number of employees in the company

C.

How strong the corporate security policy is

D.

The types of operating systems and applications being used.

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Questions 153

If you send a SYN to an open port, what is the correct response?(Choose all correct answers.

Options:

A.

SYN

B.

ACK

C.

FIN

D.

PSH

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Questions 154

You are the security administrator for a large network. You want to prevent attackers from running any sort of traceroute into your DMZ and discover the internal structure of publicly accessible areas of the network.

How can you achieve this?

Options:

A.

Block ICMP at the firewall.

B.

Block UDP at the firewall.

C.

Both A and B.

D.

There is no way to completely block doing a trace route into this area.

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Questions 155

802.11b is considered a ____________ protocol.

Options:

A.

Connectionless

B.

Secure

C.

Unsecure

D.

Token ring based

E.

Unreliable

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Questions 156

Which of the following tool would be considered as Signature Integrity Verifier (SIV)?

Options:

A.

Nmap

B.

SNORT

C.

VirusSCAN

D.

Tripwire

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Questions 157

An attacker finds a web page for a target organization that supplies contact information for the company. Using available details to make the message seem authentic, the attacker drafts e-mail to an employee on the contact page that appears to come from an individual who might reasonably request confidential information, such as a network administrator.

The email asks the employee to log into a bogus page that requests the employee's user name and password or click on a link that will download spyware or other malicious programming.

Google's Gmail was hacked using this technique and attackers stole source code and sensitive data from Google servers. This is highly sophisticated attack using zero-day exploit vectors, social engineering and malware websites that focused on targeted individuals working for the company.

What is this deadly attack called?

Options:

A.

Spear phishing attack

B.

Trojan server attack

C.

Javelin attack

D.

Social networking attack

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Questions 158

More sophisticated IDSs look for common shellcode signatures. But even these systems can be bypassed, by using polymorphic shellcode. This is a technique common among virus writers ?it basically hides the true nature of the shellcode in different disguises.

How does a polymorphic shellcode work?

Options:

A.

They encrypt the shellcode by XORing values over the shellcode, using loader code to decrypt the shellcode, and then executing the decrypted shellcode

B.

They convert the shellcode into Unicode, using loader to convert back to machine code then executing them

C.

They reverse the working instructions into opposite order by masking the IDS signatures

D.

They compress shellcode into normal instructions, uncompress the shellcode using loader code and then executing the shellcode

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Questions 159

Vulnerability scanners are automated tools that are used to identify vulnerabilities and misconfigurations of hosts. They also provide information regarding mitigating discovered vulnerabilities.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Options:

A.

Vulnerability scanners attempt to identify vulnerabilities in the hosts scanned.

B.

Vulnerability scanners can help identify out-of-date software versions, missing patches, or system upgrades

C.

They can validate compliance with or deviations from the organization's security policy

D.

Vulnerability scanners can identify weakness and automatically fix and patch the vulnerabilities without user intervention

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Questions 160

This tool is widely used for ARP Poisoning attack. Name the tool.

Options:

A.

Cain and Able

B.

Beat Infector

C.

Poison Ivy

D.

Webarp Infector

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Questions 161

XSS attacks occur on Web pages that do not perform appropriate bounds checking on data entered by users. Characters like < > that mark the beginning/end of a tag should be converted into HTML entities.

What is the correct code when converted to html entities?

Options:

A.

Option A

B.

Option B

C.

Option C

D.

Option D

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Questions 162

What type of Virus is shown here?

Options:

A.

Cavity Virus

B.

Macro Virus

C.

Boot Sector Virus

D.

Metamorphic Virus

E.

Sparse Infector Virus

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Questions 163

In which part of OSI layer, ARP Poisoning occurs?

Options:

A.

Transport Layer

B.

Datalink Layer

C.

Physical Layer

D.

Application layer

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Questions 164

David is a security administrator working in Boston. David has been asked by the office's manager to block all POP3 traffic at the firewall because he believes employees are spending too much time reading personal email. How can David block POP3 at the firewall?

Options:

A.

David can block port 125 at the firewall.

B.

David can block all EHLO requests that originate from inside the office.

C.

David can stop POP3 traffic by blocking all HELO requests that originate from inside the office.

D.

David can block port 110 to block all POP3 traffic.

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Questions 165

Annie has just succeeded in stealing a secure cookie via a XSS attack. She is able to replay the cookie even while the session is invalid on the server. Why do you think this is possible?

Options:

A.

It works because encryption is performed at the application layer (single encryption key)

B.

The scenario is invalid as a secure cookie cannot be replayed

C.

It works because encryption is performed at the network layer (layer 1 encryption)

D.

Any cookie can be replayed irrespective of the session status

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Questions 166

In what stage of Virus life does a stealth virus gets activated with the user performing certain actions such as running an infected program?

Options:

A.

Design

B.

Elimination

C.

Incorporation

D.

Replication

E.

Launch

F.

Detection

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Questions 167

What does ICMP (type 11, code 0) denote?

Options:

A.

Source Quench

B.

Destination Unreachable

C.

Time Exceeded

D.

Unknown Type

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Questions 168

Which of the following statement correctly defines ICMP Flood Attack? (Select 2 answers)

Options:

A.

Bogus ECHO reply packets are flooded on the network spoofing the IP and MAC address

B.

The ICMP packets signal the victim system to reply and the combination of traffic saturates the bandwidth of the victim's network

C.

ECHO packets are flooded on the network saturating the bandwidth of the subnet causing denial of service

D.

A DDoS ICMP flood attack occurs when the zombies send large volumes of ICMP_ECHO_REPLY packets to the victim system.

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Questions 169

Jimmy, an attacker, knows that he can take advantage of poorly designed input validation routines to create or alter SQL commands to gain access to private data or execute commands in the database. What technique does Jimmy use to compromise a database?

Options:

A.

Jimmy can submit user input that executes an operating system command to compromise a target system

B.

Jimmy can gain control of system to flood the target system with requests, preventing legitimate users from gaining access

C.

Jimmy can utilize an incorrect configuration that leads to access with higher-than expected privilege of the database

D.

Jimmy can utilize this particular database threat that is an SQL injection technique to penetrate a target system

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Questions 170

SYN Flood is a DOS attack in which an attacker deliberately violates the three-way handshake and opens a large number of half-open TCP connections. The signature of attack for SYN Flood contains:

Options:

A.

The source and destination address having the same value

B.

A large number of SYN packets appearing on a network without the corresponding reply packets

C.

The source and destination port numbers having the same value

D.

A large number of SYN packets appearing on a network with the corresponding reply packets

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Questions 171

While performing a ping sweep of a local subnet you receive an ICMP reply of Code 3/Type 13 for all the pings you have sent out. What is the most likely cause of this?

Options:

A.

The firewall is dropping the packets

B.

An in-line IDS is dropping the packets

C.

A router is blocking ICMP

D.

The host does not respond to ICMP packets

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Questions 172

You are the security administrator of Jaco Banking Systems located in Boston. You are setting up e-banking website (http://www.ejacobank.com) authentication system. Instead of issuing banking customer with a single password, you give them a printed list of 100 unique passwords. Each time the customer needs to log into the e-banking system website, the customer enters the next password on the list. If someone sees them type the password using shoulder surfing, MiTM or keyloggers, then no damage is done because the password will not be accepted a second time. Once the list of 100 passwords is almost finished, the system automatically sends out a new password list by encrypted e-mail to the customer.

You are confident that this security implementation will protect the customer from password abuse.

Two months later, a group of hackers called "HackJihad" found a way to access the one-time password list issued to customers of Jaco Banking Systems. The hackers set up a fake website (http://www.e-jacobank.com) and used phishing attacks to direct ignorant customers to it. The fake website asked users for their e-banking username and password, and the next unused entry from their one-time password sheet. The hackers collected 200 customer 's username/passwords this way. They transferred money from the customer's bank account to various offshore accounts.

Your decision of password policy implementation has cost the bank with USD 925, 000 to hackers. You immediately shut down the e-banking website while figuring out the next best security solution

What effective security solution will you recommend in this case?

Options:

A.

Implement Biometrics based password authentication system. Record the customers face image to the authentication database

B.

Configure your firewall to block logon attempts of more than three wrong tries

C.

Enable a complex password policy of 20 characters and ask the user to change the password immediately after they logon and do not store password histories

D.

Implement RSA SecureID based authentication system

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Questions 173

In the context of Trojans, what is the definition of a Wrapper?

Options:

A.

An encryption tool to protect the Trojan

B.

A tool used to bind the Trojan with a legitimate file

C.

A tool used to calculate bandwidth and CPU cycles wasted by the Trojan

D.

A tool used to encapsulate packets within a new header and footer

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Questions 174

You run nmap port Scan on 10.0.0.5 and attempt to gain banner/server information from services running on ports 21, 110 and 123.

Here is the output of your scan results:

Which of the following nmap command did you run?

Options:

A.

nmap -A -sV -p21, 110, 123 10.0.0.5

B.

nmap -F -sV -p21, 110, 123 10.0.0.5

C.

nmap -O -sV -p21, 110, 123 10.0.0.5

D.

nmap -T -sV -p21, 110, 123 10.0.0.5

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Questions 175

Samuel is the network administrator of DataX Communications, Inc. He is trying to configure his firewall to block password brute force attempts on his network. He enables blocking the intruder's IP address for a period of 24 hours' time after more than three unsuccessful attempts. He is confident that this rule will secure his network from hackers on the Internet.

But he still receives hundreds of thousands brute-force attempts generated from various IP addresses around the world. After some investigation he realizes that the intruders are using a proxy somewhere else on the Internet which has been scripted to enable the random usage of various proxies on each request so as not to get caught by the firewall rule.

Later he adds another rule to his firewall and enables small sleep on the password attempt so that if the password is incorrect, it would take 45 seconds to return to the user to begin another attempt. Since an intruder may use multiple machines to brute force the password, he also throttles the number of connections that will be prepared to accept from a particular IP address. This action will slow the intruder's attempts.

Samuel wants to completely block hackers brute force attempts on his network.

What are the alternatives to defending against possible brute-force password attacks on his site?

Options:

A.

Enforce a password policy and use account lockouts after three wrong logon attempts even though this might lock out legit users

B.

Enable the IDS to monitor the intrusion attempts and alert you by e-mail about the IP address of the intruder so that you can block them at the

Firewall manually

C.

Enforce complex password policy on your network so that passwords are more difficult to brute force

D.

You cannot completely block the intruders attempt if they constantly switch proxies

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Questions 176

Joel and her team have been going through tons of garbage, recycled paper, and other rubbish in order to find some information about the target they are attempting to penetrate. How would you call this type of activity?

Options:

A.

Dumpster Diving

B.

Scanning

C.

CI Gathering

D.

Garbage Scooping

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Questions 177

An attacker has successfully compromised a remote computer. Which of the following comes as one of the last steps that should be taken to ensure that the compromise cannot be traced back to the source of the problem?

Options:

A.

Install patches

B.

Setup a backdoor

C.

Install a zombie for DDOS

D.

Cover your tracks

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Questions 178

How do you defend against DHCP Starvation attack?

Options:

A.

Enable ARP-Block on the switch

B.

Enable DHCP snooping on the switch

C.

Configure DHCP-BLOCK to 1 on the switch

D.

Install DHCP filters on the switch to block this attack

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Questions 179

Shayla is an IT security consultant, specializing in social engineering and external penetration tests. Shayla has been hired on by Treks Avionics, a subcontractor for the Department of Defense. Shayla has been given authority to perform any and all tests necessary to audit the company's network security.

No employees for the company, other than the IT director, know about Shayla's work she will be doing. Shayla's first step is to obtain a list of employees through company website contact pages. Then she befriends a female employee of the company through an online chat website. After meeting with the female employee numerous times, Shayla is able to gain her trust and they become friends. One day, Shayla steals the employee's access badge and uses it to gain unauthorized access to the Treks Avionics offices.

What type of insider threat would Shayla be considered?

Options:

A.

She would be considered an Insider Affiliate

B.

Because she does not have any legal access herself, Shayla would be considered an Outside Affiliate

C.

Shayla is an Insider Associate since she has befriended an actual employee

D.

Since Shayla obtained access with a legitimate company badge; she would be considered a Pure Insider

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Questions 180

This IDS defeating technique works by splitting a datagram (or packet) into multiple fragments and the IDS will not spot the true nature of the fully assembled datagram. The datagram is not reassembled until it reaches its final destination. It would be a processor-intensive task for IDS to reassemble all fragments itself, and on a busy system the packet will slip through the IDS onto the network. What is this technique called?

Options:

A.

IP Routing or Packet Dropping

B.

IDS Spoofing or Session Assembly

C.

IP Fragmentation or Session Splicing

D.

IP Splicing or Packet Reassembly

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Questions 181

Choose one of the following pseudo codes to describe this statement:

"If we have written 200 characters to the buffer variable, the stack should stop because it cannot hold any more data."

Options:

A.

If (I > 200) then exit (1)

B.

If (I < 200) then exit (1)

C.

If (I <= 200) then exit (1)

D.

If (I >= 200) then exit (1)

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Questions 182

Web servers often contain directories that do not need to be indexed. You create a text file with search engine indexing restrictions and place it on the root directory of the Web Server.

User-agent: *

Disallow: /images/

Disallow: /banners/

Disallow: /Forms/

Disallow: /Dictionary/

Disallow: /_borders/

Disallow: /_fpclass/

Disallow: /_overlay/

Disallow: /_private/

Disallow: /_themes/

What is the name of this file?

Options:

A.

robots.txt

B.

search.txt

C.

blocklist.txt

D.

spf.txt

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Questions 183

Maintaining a secure Web server requires constant effort, resources, and vigilance from an organization. Securely administering a Web server on a daily basis is an essential aspect of Web server security.

Maintaining the security of a Web server will usually involve the following steps:

1. Configuring, protecting, and analyzing log files

2. Backing up critical information frequently

3. Maintaining a protected authoritative copy of the organization's Web content

4. Establishing and following procedures for recovering from compromise

5. Testing and applying patches in a timely manner

6. Testing security periodically.

In which step would you engage a forensic investigator?

Options:

A.

1

B.

2

C.

3

D.

4

E.

5

F.

6

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Questions 184

You want to hide a secret.txt document inside c:\windows\system32\tcpip.dll kernel library using ADS streams. How will you accomplish this?

Options:

A.

copy secret.txt c:\windows\system32\tcpip.dll kernel>secret.txt

B.

copy secret.txt c:\windows\system32\tcpip.dll:secret.txt

C.

copy secret.txt c:\windows\system32\tcpip.dll |secret.txt

D.

copy secret.txt >< c:\windows\system32\tcpip.dll kernel secret.txt

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Questions 185

Anonymizer sites access the Internet on your behalf, protecting your personal information from disclosure. An anonymizer protects all of your computer's identifying information while it surfs for you, enabling you to remain at least one step removed from the sites you visit.

You can visit Web sites without allowing anyone to gather information on sites visited by you. Services that provide anonymity disable pop-up windows and cookies, and conceal visitor's IP address.

These services typically use a proxy server to process each HTTP request. When the user requests a Web page by clicking a hyperlink or typing a URL into their browser, the service retrieves and displays the information using its own server. The remote server (where the requested Web page resides) receives information on the anonymous Web surfing service in place of your information.

In which situations would you want to use anonymizer? (Select 3 answers)

Options:

A.

Increase your Web browsing bandwidth speed by using Anonymizer

B.

To protect your privacy and Identity on the Internet

C.

To bypass blocking applications that would prevent access to Web sites or parts of sites that you want to visit.

D.

Post negative entries in blogs without revealing your IP identity

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Questions 186

One of the effective DoS/DDoS countermeasures is 'Throttling'. Which statement correctly defines this term?

Options:

A.

Set up routers that access a server with logic to adjust incoming traffic to levels that will be safe for the server to process

B.

Providers can increase the bandwidth on critical connections to prevent them from going down in the event of an attack

C.

Replicating servers that can provide additional failsafe protection

D.

Load balance each server in a multiple-server architecture

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Questions 187

In Buffer Overflow exploit, which of the following registers gets overwritten with return address of the exploit code?

Options:

A.

EEP

B.

ESP

C.

EAP

D.

EIP

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Questions 188

How would you describe an attack where an attacker attempts to deliver the payload over multiple packets over long periods of time with the purpose of defeating simple pattern matching in IDS systems without session reconstruction? A characteristic of this attack would be a continuous stream of small packets.

Options:

A.

Session Hijacking

B.

Session Stealing

C.

Session Splicing

D.

Session Fragmentation

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Questions 189

Sandra has been actively scanning the client network on which she is doing a vulnerability assessment test. While conducting a port scan she notices open ports in the range of 135 to 139. What protocol is most likely to be listening on those ports?

Options:

A.

Finger

B.

FTP

C.

Samba

D.

SMB

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Questions 190

Which of the following would be the best reason for sending a single SMTP message to an address that does not exist within the target company?

Options:

A.

To create a denial of service attack.

B.

To verify information about the mail administrator and his address.

C.

To gather information about internal hosts used in email treatment.

D.

To gather information about procedures that are in place to deal with such messages.

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Questions 191

What type of port scan is shown below?

Options:

A.

Idle Scan

B.

Windows Scan

C.

XMAS Scan

D.

SYN Stealth Scan

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Questions 192

What are the two basic types of attacks? (Choose two.

Options:

A.

DoS

B.

Passive

C.

Sniffing

D.

Active

E.

Cracking

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Questions 193

War dialing is a very old attack and depicted in movies that were made years ago.

Why would a modem security tester consider using such an old technique?

Options:

A.

It is cool, and if it works in the movies it must work in real life.

B.

It allows circumvention of protection mechanisms by being on the internal network.

C.

It allows circumvention of the company PBX.

D.

A good security tester would not use such a derelict technique.

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Questions 194

What is the proper response for a X-MAS scan if the port is closed?

Options:

A.

SYN

B.

ACK

C.

FIN

D.

PSH

E.

RST

F.

No response

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Questions 195

_________ is one of the programs used to wardial.

Options:

A.

DialIT

B.

Netstumbler

C.

TooPac

D.

Kismet

E.

ToneLoc

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Questions 196

Which address translation scheme would allow a single public IP address to always correspond to a single machine on an internal network, allowing "server publishing"?

Options:

A.

Overloading Port Address Translation

B.

Dynamic Port Address Translation

C.

Dynamic Network Address Translation

D.

Static Network Address Translation

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Questions 197

One of your team members has asked you to analyze the following SOA record. What is the TTL?

Rutgers.edu.SOA NS1.Rutgers.edu ipad.college.edu (200302028 3600

3600 604800 2400.

Options:

A.

200303028

B.

3600

C.

604800

D.

2400

E.

60

F.

4800

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Questions 198

What flags are set in a X-MAS scan?(Choose all that apply.

Options:

A.

SYN

B.

ACK

C.

FIN

D.

PSH

E.

RST

F.

URG

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Questions 199

While footprinting a network, what port/service should you look for to attempt a zone transfer?

Options:

A.

53 UDP

B.

53 TCP

C.

25 UDP

D.

25 TCP

E.

161 UDP

F.

22 TCP

G.

60 TCP

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Questions 200

Network Administrator Patricia is doing an audit of the network. Below are some of her findings concerning DNS. Which of these would be a cause for alarm?

Select the best answer.

Options:

A.

There are two external DNS Servers for Internet domains. Both are AD integrated.

B.

All external DNS is done by an ISP.

C.

Internal AD Integrated DNS servers are using private DNS names that are

D.

unregistered.

E.

Private IP addresses are used on the internal network and are registered with the internal AD integrated DNS server.

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Questions 201

At a Windows Server command prompt, which command could be used to list the running services?

Options:

A.

Sc query type= running

B.

Sc query \\servername

C.

Sc query

D.

Sc config

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Questions 202

The use of alert thresholding in an IDS can reduce the volume of repeated alerts, but introduces which of the following vulnerabilities?

Options:

A.

An attacker, working slowly enough, can evade detection by the IDS.

B.

Network packets are dropped if the volume exceeds the threshold.

C.

Thresholding interferes with the IDS’ ability to reassemble fragmented packets.

D.

The IDS will not distinguish among packets originating from different sources.

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Questions 203

John has scanned the web server with NMAP. However, he could not gather enough information to help him identify the operating system running on the remote host accurately.

What would you suggest to John to help identify the OS that is being used on the remote web server?

Options:

A.

Connect to the web server with a browser and look at the web page.

B.

Connect to the web server with an FTP client.

C.

Telnet to port 8080 on the web server and look at the default page code.

D.

Telnet to an open port and grab the banner.

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Questions 204

An nmap command that includes the host specification of 202.176.56-57.* will scan _______ number of hosts.

Options:

A.

2

B.

256

C.

512

D.

Over 10, 000

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Questions 205

Data is sent over the network as clear text (unencrypted) when Basic Authentication is configured on Web Servers.

Options:

A.

true

B.

false

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Questions 206

What type of session hijacking attack is shown in the exhibit?

Options:

A.

Session Sniffing Attack

B.

Cross-site scripting Attack

C.

SQL Injection Attack

D.

Token sniffing Attack

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Questions 207

In TCP communications there are 8 flags; FIN, SYN, RST, PSH, ACK, URG, ECE, CWR. These flags have decimal numbers assigned to them:

FIN = 1

SYN = 2

RST = 4

PSH = 8

ACK = 16

URG = 32

ECE = 64

CWR =128

Example: To calculate SYN/ACK flag decimal value, add 2 (which is the decimal value of the SYN flag) to 16 (which is the decimal value of the ACK flag), so the result would be 18.

Based on the above calculation, what is the decimal value for XMAS scan?

Options:

A.

23

B.

24

C.

41

D.

64

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Questions 208

Take a look at the following attack on a Web Server using obstructed URL:

How would you protect from these attacks?

Options:

A.

Configure the Web Server to deny requests involving "hex encoded" characters

B.

Create rules in IDS to alert on strange Unicode requests

C.

Use SSL authentication on Web Servers

D.

Enable Active Scripts Detection at the firewall and routers

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Questions 209

You went to great lengths to install all the necessary technologies to prevent hacking attacks, such as expensive firewalls, antivirus software, anti-spam systems and intrusion detection/prevention tools in your company's network. You have configured the most secure policies and tightened every device on your network. You are confident that hackers will never be able to gain access to your network with complex security system in place. Your peer, Peter Smith who works at the same department disagrees with you. He says even the best network security technologies cannot prevent hackers gaining access to the network because of presence of "weakest link" in the security chain. What is Peter Smith talking about?

Options:

A.

Untrained staff or ignorant computer users who inadvertently become the weakest link in your security chain

B.

"zero-day" exploits are the weakest link in the security chain since the IDS will not be able to detect these attacks

C.

"Polymorphic viruses" are the weakest link in the security chain since the Anti-Virus scanners will not be able to detect these attacks

D.

Continuous Spam e-mails cannot be blocked by your security system since spammers use different techniques to bypass the filters in your gateway

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Questions 210

What type of Virus is shown here?

Options:

A.

Macro Virus

B.

Cavity Virus

C.

Boot Sector Virus

D.

Metamorphic Virus

E.

Sparse Infector Virus

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Questions 211

Finding tools to run dictionary and brute forcing attacks against FTP and Web servers is an easy task for hackers. They use tools such as arhontus or brutus to break into remote servers.

A command such as this, will attack a given 10.0.0.34 FTP and Telnet servers simultaneously with a list of passwords and a single login namE. linksys. Many FTP-specific password-guessing tools are also available from major security sites.

What defensive measures will you take to protect your network from these attacks?

Options:

A.

Never leave a default password

B.

Never use a password that can be found in a dictionary

C.

Never use a password related to your hobbies, pets, relatives, or date of birth.

D.

Use a word that has more than 21 characters from a dictionary as the password

E.

Never use a password related to the hostname, domain name, or anything else that can be found with whois

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Questions 212

You have chosen a 22 character word from the dictionary as your password. How long will it take to crack the password by an attacker?

Options:

A.

16 million years

B.

5 minutes

C.

23 days

D.

200 years

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Questions 213

Hampton is the senior security analyst for the city of Columbus in Ohio. His primary responsibility is to ensure that all physical and logical aspects of the city's computer network are secure from all angles. Bill is an IT technician that works with Hampton in the same IT department. Bill's primary responsibility is to keep PC's and servers up to date and to keep track of all the agency laptops that the company owns and lends out to its employees. After Bill setup a wireless network for the agency, Hampton made sure that everything was secure. He instituted encryption, rotating keys, turned off SSID broadcasting, and enabled MAC filtering. According to agency policy, only company laptops are allowed to use the wireless network, so Hampton entered all the MAC addresses for those laptops into the wireless security utility so that only those laptops should be able to access the wireless network.

Hampton does not keep track of all the laptops, but he is pretty certain that the agency only purchases Dell laptops. Hampton is curious about this because he notices Bill working on a Toshiba laptop one day and saw that he was on the Internet. Instead of jumping to conclusions, Hampton decides to talk to Bill's boss and see if they had purchased a Toshiba laptop instead of the usual Dell. Bill's boss said no, so now Hampton is very curious to see how Bill is accessing the Internet. Hampton does site surveys every couple of days, and has yet to see any outside wireless network signals inside the company's building.

How was Bill able to get Internet access without using an agency laptop?

Options:

A.

Bill spoofed the MAC address of Dell laptop

B.

Bill connected to a Rogue access point

C.

Toshiba and Dell laptops share the same hardware address

D.

Bill brute forced the Mac address ACLs

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Questions 214

_____________ is a type of symmetric-key encryption algorithm that transforms a fixed-length block of plaintext (unencrypted text) data into a block of ciphertext (encrypted text) data of the same length.

Options:

A.

Stream Cipher

B.

Block Cipher

C.

Bit Cipher

D.

Hash Cipher

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Questions 215

LAN Manager Passwords are concatenated to 14 bytes, and split in half. The two halves are hashed individually. If the password is 7 characters or less, than the second half of the hash is always:

Options:

A.

0xAAD3B435B51404EE

B.

0xAAD3B435B51404AA

C.

0xAAD3B435B51404BB

D.

0xAAD3B435B51404CC

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Questions 216

What is the IV key size used in WPA2?

Options:

A.

32

B.

24

C.

16

D.

48

E.

128

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Questions 217

A simple compiler technique used by programmers is to add a terminator 'canary word' containing four letters NULL (0x00), CR (0x0d), LF (0x0a) and EOF (0xff) so that most string operations are terminated. If the canary word has been altered when the function returns, and the program responds by emitting an intruder alert into syslog, and then halts what does it indicate?

Options:

A.

A buffer overflow attack has been attempted

B.

A buffer overflow attack has already occurred

C.

A firewall has been breached and this is logged

D.

An intrusion detection system has been triggered

E.

The system has crashed

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Questions 218

You establish a new Web browser connection to Google. Since a 3-way handshake is required for any TCP connection, the following actions will take place.

  • DNS query is sent to the DNS server to resolve www.google.com
  • DNS server replies with the IP address for Google?
  • SYN packet is sent to Google.
  • Google sends back a SYN/ACK packet
  • Your computer completes the handshake by sending an ACK
  • The connection is established and the transfer of data commences

Which of the following packets represent completion of the 3-way handshake?

Options:

A.

4th packet

B.

3rdpacket

C.

6th packet

D.

5th packet

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Questions 219

Which port, when configured on a switch receives a copy of every packet that passes through it?

Options:

A.

R-DUPE Port

B.

MIRROR port

C.

SPAN port

D.

PORTMON

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Questions 220

Nathan is testing some of his network devices. Nathan is using Macof to try and flood the ARP cache of these switches. If these switches' ARP cache is successfully flooded, what will be the result?

Options:

A.

The switches will drop into hub mode if the ARP cache is successfully flooded.

B.

If the ARP cache is flooded, the switches will drop into pix mode making it less susceptible to attacks.

C.

Depending on the switch manufacturer, the device will either delete every entry in its ARP cache or reroute packets to the nearest switch.

D.

The switches will route all traffic to the broadcast address created collisions.

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Questions 221

This TCP flag instructs the sending system to transmit all buffered data immediately.

Options:

A.

SYN

B.

RST

C.

PSH

D.

URG

E.

FIN

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Questions 222

In this attack, a victim receives an e-mail claiming from PayPal stating that their account has been disabled and confirmation is required before activation. The attackers then scam to collect not one but two credit card numbers, ATM PIN number and other personal details.

Ignorant users usually fall prey to this scam. Which of the following statement is incorrect related to this attack?

Options:

A.

Do not reply to email messages or popup ads asking for personal or financial information

B.

Do not trust telephone numbers in e-mails or popup ads

C.

Review credit card and bank account statements regularly

D.

Antivirus, anti-spyware, and firewall software can very easily detect these type of attacks

E.

Do not send credit card numbers, and personal or financial information via e-mail

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Questions 223

Neil is closely monitoring his firewall rules and logs on a regular basis. Some of the users have complained to Neil that there are a few employees who are visiting offensive web site during work hours, without any consideration for others. Neil knows that he has an up-to-date content filtering system and such access should not be authorized. What type of technique might be used by these offenders to access the Internet without restriction?

Options:

A.

They are using UDP that is always authorized at the firewall

B.

They are using HTTP tunneling software that allows them to communicate with protocols in a way it was not intended

C.

They have been able to compromise the firewall, modify the rules, and give themselves proper access

D.

They are using an older version of Internet Explorer that allow them to bypass the proxy server

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Questions 224

Identify SQL injection attack from the HTTP requests shown below:

Options:

A.

http://www.myserver.c0m/search.asp?

lname=smith%27%3bupdate%20usertable%20set%20passwd%3d%27hAx0r%27%3b--%00

D.

http://www.victim.com/example accountnumber=67891 &creditamount=999999999

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Questions 225

What sequence of packets is sent during the initial TCP three-way handshake?

Options:

A.

SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK

B.

SYN, URG, ACK

C.

SYN, ACK, SYN-ACK

D.

FIN, FIN-ACK, ACK

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Questions 226

Switches maintain a CAM Table that maps individual MAC addresses on the network to physical ports on the switch.

In MAC flooding attack, a switch is fed with many Ethernet frames, each containing different source MAC addresses, by the attacker. Switches have a limited memory for mapping various MAC addresses to physical ports. What happens when the CAM table becomes full?

Options:

A.

Switch then acts as hub by broadcasting packets to all machines on the network

B.

The CAM overflow table will cause the switch to crash causing Denial of Service

C.

The switch replaces outgoing frame switch factory default MAC address of FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

D.

Every packet is dropped and the switch sends out SNMP alerts to the IDS port

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Questions 227

Gerald, the Systems Administrator for Hyped Enterprises, has just discovered that his network has been breached by an outside attacker. After performing routine maintenance on his servers, he discovers numerous remote tools were installed that no one claims to have knowledge of in his department. Gerald logs onto the management console for his IDS and discovers an unknown IP address that scanned his network constantly for a week and was able to access his network through a high-level port that was not closed. Gerald traces the IP address he found in the IDS log to a proxy server in Brazil. Gerald calls the company that owns the proxy server and after searching through their logs, they trace the source to another proxy server in Switzerland. Gerald calls the company in Switzerland that owns the proxy server and after scanning through the logs again, they trace the source back to a proxy server in China. What proxy tool has Gerald's attacker used to cover their tracks?

Options:

A.

ISA proxy

B.

IAS proxy

C.

TOR proxy

D.

Cheops proxy

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Questions 228

In which step Steganography fits in CEH System Hacking Cycle (SHC)

Options:

A.

Step 2: Crack the password

B.

Step 1: Enumerate users

C.

Step 3: Escalate privileges

D.

Step 4: Execute applications

E.

Step 5: Hide files

F.

Step 6: Cover your tracks

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Questions 229

Bob has been hired to do a web application security test. Bob notices that the site is dynamic and must make use of a back end database. Bob wants to see if SQL Injection would be possible. What is the first character that Bob should use to attempt breaking valid SQL request?

Options:

A.

Semi Column

B.

Double Quote

C.

Single Quote

D.

Exclamation Mark

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Questions 230

Yancey is a network security administrator for a large electric company. This company provides power for over 100, 000 people in Las Vegas. Yancey has worked for his company for over 15 years and has become very successful. One day, Yancey comes in to work and finds out that the company will be downsizing and he will be out of a job in two weeks. Yancey is very angry and decides to place logic bombs, viruses, Trojans, and backdoors all over the network to take down the company once he has left. Yancey does not care if his actions land him in jail for 30 or more years, he just wants the company to pay for what they are doing to him. What would Yancey be considered?

Options:

A.

Yancey would be considered a Suicide Hacker

B.

Since he does not care about going to jail, he would be considered a Black Hat

C.

Because Yancey works for the company currently; he would be a White Hat

D.

Yancey is a Hacktivist Hacker since he is standing up to a company that is downsizing

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Questions 231

A digital signature is simply a message that is encrypted with the public key instead of the private key.

Options:

A.

true

B.

false

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Questions 232

Company A and Company B have just merged and each has its own Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). What must the Certificate Authorities (CAs) establish so that the private PKIs for Company A and Company B trust one another and each private PKI can validate digital certificates from the other company?

Options:

A.

Poly key exchange

B.

Cross certification

C.

Poly key reference

D.

Cross-site exchange

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Questions 233

Pentest results indicate that voice over IP traffic is traversing a network.  Which of the following tools will decode a packet capture and extract the voice conversations?

Options:

A.

Cain

B.

John the Ripper

C.

Nikto

D.

Hping

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Questions 234

A technician is resolving an issue where a computer is unable to connect to the Internet using a wireless access point. The computer is able to transfer files locally to other machines, but cannot successfully reach the Internet. When the technician examines the IP address and default gateway they are both on the 192.168.1.0/24. Which of the following has occurred?

Options:

A.

The gateway is not routing to a public IP address.

B.

The computer is using an invalid IP address.

C.

The gateway and the computer are not on the same network.

D.

The computer is not using a private IP address.

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Questions 235

Which of the following examples best represents a logical or technical control?

Options:

A.

Security tokens

B.

Heating and air conditioning

C.

Smoke and fire alarms

D.

Corporate security policy

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Questions 236

Which of the following levels of algorithms does Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) use?

Options:

A.

RSA 1024 bit strength

B.

AES 1024 bit strength

C.

RSA 512 bit strength

D.

AES 512 bit strength

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Questions 237

What is the main advantage that a network-based IDS/IPS system has over a host-based solution?

Options:

A.

They do not use host system resources.

B.

They are placed at the boundary, allowing them to inspect all traffic.

C.

They are easier to install and configure.

D.

They will not interfere with user interfaces.

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Questions 238

Firewalk has just completed the second phase (the scanning phase) and a technician receives the output shown below. What conclusions can be drawn based on these scan results? TCP port 21 – no response  TCP port 22 – no response TCP port 23 – Time-to-live exceeded

Options:

A.

The firewall itself is blocking ports 21 through 23 and a service is listening on port 23 of the target host.

B.

The lack of response from ports 21 and 22 indicate that those services are not running on the destination server.

C.

The scan on port 23 passed through the filtering device. This indicates that port 23 was not blocked at the firewall.

D.

The scan on port 23 was able to make a connection to the destination host prompting the firewall to respond with a TTL error.

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Questions 239

What information should an IT system analysis provide to the risk assessor?

Options:

A.

Management buy-in

B.

Threat statement

C.

Security architecture

D.

Impact analysis

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Questions 240

Which of the following is a preventive control?

Options:

A.

Smart card authentication

B.

Security policy

C.

Audit trail

D.

Continuity of operations plan

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Questions 241

Which of the following can the administrator do to verify that a tape backup can be recovered in its entirety?

Options:

A.

 Restore a random file.

B.

Perform a full restore.

C.

Read the first 512 bytes of the tape.

D.

Read the last 512 bytes of the tape.

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Questions 242

In the OSI model, where does PPTP encryption take place?

Options:

A.

Transport layer

B.

Application layer

C.

Data link layer

D.

Network layer

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Questions 243

What is the best defense against privilege escalation vulnerability?

Options:

A.

Patch systems regularly and upgrade interactive login privileges at the system administrator level.

B.

Run administrator and applications on least privileges and use a content registry for tracking.

C.

Run services with least privileged accounts and implement multi-factor authentication and authorization.

D.

Review user roles and administrator privileges for maximum utilization of automation services.

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Questions 244

Which security strategy requires using several, varying methods to protect IT systems against attacks?

Options:

A.

Defense in depth

B.

Three-way handshake

C.

Covert channels

D.

Exponential backoff algorithm

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Questions 245

The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) testing methodology addresses the need to secure web applications by providing which one of the following services?

Options:

A.

An extensible security framework named COBIT

B.

A list of flaws and how to fix them

C.

Web application patches

D.

A security certification for hardened web applications

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Questions 246

Which of the following is a strong post designed to stop a car?

Options:

A.

Gate

B.

Fence

C.

Bollard

D.

Reinforced rebar

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Questions 247

Which of the following algorithms provides better protection against brute force attacks by using a 160-bit message digest?

Options:

A.

MD5

B.

SHA-1

C.

RC4

D.

MD4

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Questions 248

While checking the settings on the internet browser, a technician finds that the proxy server settings have been checked and a computer is trying to use itself as a proxy server.  What specific octet within the subnet does the technician see?

Options:

A.

10.10.10.10

B.

127.0.0.1

C.

192.168.1.1

D.

192.168.168.168

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Questions 249

Which of the following business challenges could be solved by using a vulnerability scanner?

Options:

A.

Auditors want to discover if all systems are following a standard naming convention.

B.

A web server was compromised and management needs to know if any further systems were compromised.

C.

There is an emergency need to remove administrator access from multiple machines for an employee that quit.

D.

There is a monthly requirement to test corporate compliance with host application usage and security policies.

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Questions 250

Which of the following techniques will identify if computer files have been changed?

Options:

A.

Network sniffing

B.

Permission sets

C.

Integrity checking hashes

D.

Firewall alerts

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Questions 251

Which of the following is a primary service of the U.S. Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT)?

Options:

A.

CSIRT provides an incident response service to enable a reliable and trusted single point of contact for reporting computer security incidents worldwide.

B.

CSIRT provides a computer security surveillance service to supply a government with important intelligence information on individuals travelling abroad.

C.

CSIRT provides a penetration testing service to support exception reporting on incidents worldwide by individuals and multi-national corporations.

D.

CSIRT provides a vulnerability assessment service to assist law enforcement agencies with profiling an individual's property or company's asset.

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Questions 252

When setting up a wireless network, an administrator enters a pre-shared key for security. Which of the following is true?

Options:

A.

The key entered is a symmetric key used to encrypt the wireless data.

B.

The key entered is a hash that is used to prove the integrity of the wireless data.

C.

The key entered is based on the Diffie-Hellman method.

D.

The key is an RSA key used to encrypt the wireless data.

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Questions 253

A pentester gains acess to a Windows application server and needs to determine the settings of the built-in Windows firewall. Which command would be used?

Options:

A.

Netsh firewall show config

B.

WMIC firewall show config

C.

Net firewall show config

D.

Ipconfig firewall show config

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Questions 254

Which of the following defines the role of a root Certificate Authority (CA) in a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?

Options:

A.

The root CA is the recovery agent used to encrypt data when a user's certificate is lost.

B.

The root CA stores the user's hash value for safekeeping.

C.

The CA is the trusted root that issues certificates.

D.

The root CA is used to encrypt email messages to prevent unintended disclosure of data.

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Questions 255

A hacker is attempting to see which IP addresses are currently active on a network. Which NMAP switch would the hacker use?

Options:

A.

-sO

B.

-sP

C.

-sS

D.

-sU

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Questions 256

What technique is used to perform a Connection Stream Parameter Pollution (CSPP) attack?

Options:

A.

Injecting parameters into a connection string using semicolons as a separator

B.

Inserting malicious Javascript code into input parameters

C.

Setting a user's session identifier (SID) to an explicit known value

D.

Adding multiple parameters with the same name in HTTP requests

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Questions 257

What are the three types of compliance that the Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) recognizes?

Options:

A.

Legal, performance, audit

B.

Audit, standards based, regulatory

C.

Contractual, regulatory, industry

D.

Legislative, contractual, standards based

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Questions 258

Which of the following network attacks relies on sending an abnormally large packet size that exceeds TCP/IP specifications?

Options:

A.

Ping of death

B.

SYN flooding

C.

TCP hijacking

D.

Smurf attack

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Questions 259

A company has hired a security administrator to maintain and administer Linux and Windows-based systems. Written in the nightly report file is the followinG.

Firewall log files are at the expected value of 4 MB. The current time is 12am. Exactly two hours later the size has decreased considerably. Another hour goes by and the log files have shrunk in size again.

Which of the following actions should the security administrator take?

Options:

A.

Log the event as suspicious activity and report this behavior to the incident response team immediately.

B.

Log the event as suspicious activity, call a manager, and report this as soon as possible.

C.

Run an anti-virus scan because it is likely the system is infected by malware.

D.

Log the event as suspicious activity, continue to investigate, and act according to the site's security policy.

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Questions 260

Which of the following describes the characteristics of a Boot Sector Virus?

Options:

A.

Moves the MBR to another location on the RAM and copies itself to the original location of the MBR

B.

Moves the MBR to another location on the hard disk and copies itself to the original location of the MBR

C.

Modifies directory table entries so that directory entries point to the virus code instead of the actual program

D.

Overwrites the original MBR and only executes the new virus code

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Questions 261

Which of the following programming languages is most vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks?

Options:

A.

Perl

B.

C++

C.

Python

D.

Java

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Questions 262

Which of the following does proper basic configuration of snort as a network intrusion detection system require?

Options:

A.

Limit the packets captured to the snort configuration file.

B.

Capture every packet on the network segment.

C.

Limit the packets captured to a single segment.

D.

Limit the packets captured to the /var/log/snort directory.

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Questions 263

The network administrator for a company is setting up a website with e-commerce capabilities. Packet sniffing is a concern because credit card information will be sent electronically over the Internet. Customers visiting the site will need to encrypt the data with HTTPS. Which type of certificate is used to encrypt and decrypt the data?

Options:

A.

Asymmetric

B.

Confidential

C.

Symmetric

D.

Non-confidential

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Exam Code: EC0-350
Exam Name: Ethical Hacking and Countermeasures V8
Last Update: Oct 7, 2024
Questions: 878
$64  $159.99
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