FCP_FWF_AD-7.4 Sample Questions Answers

For remote sites with no on-site IT, you should:

A: Use APs that support Fortinet UTM (i.e., FortiAPs that can tunnel traffic back to a FortiGate for UTM enforcement).

D: Use cloud-based management (FortiLAN Cloud) and configure tunnel SSIDs so all traffic from the AP is sent back for security inspection at a central FortiGate.

B refers to PoE power but isn’t essential if APs can be powered in another way.

C (bridge mode to local subnet) would not allow centralized UTM enforcement unless local FortiGate is present.

The logs show repeated client-association-failure events followed by RADIUS authentication failure messages for client

This means the station successfully associated at Layer 2 but failed at the RADIUS authentication step (802.1X/EAP), typically due to invalid credentials or a misconfiguration on the RADIUS server.

Eventually, the log shows a successful authentication, indicating the credentials or RADIUS issue was resolved on a later attempt.

Exhibit Analysis:

Bandwidth: The Tx (2.06 kbps) and Rx (2.09 kbps) are balanced and low, showing steady, light activity.

Signal Strength/Noise: The signal appears to be relatively stable, not showing drops to 0 dB or significant noise spikes.

Transmission Discard/Retry:

Transmission Discard Percentage: 0% (normal; no packets are being discarded).

Transmission Retry Percentage: 25% (abnormally high; typically, values above 10-15% suggest issues).

Option Breakdown:

A. The wireless client has been experiencing high background noise within the last 5 minutes

Incorrect. The Signal Strength/Noise graph is steady and does not indicate abnormal noise.

B. The wireless client has been dropping half of the packets transmitted within the last 5 minutes.

Incorrect in wording: The Discard Percentage is 0%. So, no packets are being dropped, but...

However, the Transmission Retry Percentage is high (25%). This indicates many packets are having to be retransmitted (due to interference, weak signal, or congestion), which is abnormal. If "dropping" is interpreted as "requiring retry," then this fits.

C. The wireless client has been transmitting traffic with all performance metrics within the normal levels

Incorrect. The Retry Percentage is not normal.

D. The wireless client has been switching between available wireless bands within the last 5 minutes

Incorrect. There is no data here to suggest band steering or band switching.

Clarification:

The only abnormal value is Transmission Retry Percentage (25%), which is significantly high. This indicates repeated transmission attempts due to interference, poor signal quality, or congestion.

Best Match:

B. The wireless client has been dropping half of the packets transmitted within the last 5 minutes.

More precisely, it's retransmitting, not dropping, but this is the best answer provided.

Scenario:

The IT department wants to prevent direct communication between wireless stations.

There is one SSID configured in bridge mode (all clients on the same SSID/VLAN, directly bridging to the wired network).

Correct Action:

Block intra-SSID traffic (sometimes called “client isolation” or “intra-SSID privacy”).

This feature prevents wireless clients connected to the same SSID from communicating directly with each other at Layer 2.

Each station can reach the network but cannot reach other wireless clients on the same SSID.

This is the industry-standard method to achieve the stated security goal in a wireless environment, especially in bridge mode.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. Create unique SSIDs for each FortiAP device

Impractical and unnecessary for user isolation; users on the same SSID but different APs can still be isolated with intra-SSID blocking.

B. Add an upstream layer 3 device on each FortiAP device

Overkill and not required; this does not directly solve intra-SSID traffic.

D. Drop all local traffic in the wireless network

Too broad; you only want to prevent client-to-client communication, not all local traffic (such as traffic to the gateway).

Summary:

Block intra-SSID traffic is the intended and correct configuration to prevent wireless stations from communicating directly while sharing the same SSID in bridge mode.

Debug Output Review:

The logs show repeated attempts to connect, with multiple msg: WPA ENTERPRISE TRANSITION and WPA NON-ENTERPRISE TRANSITION events.

There are repeated authentication frame exchanges, but several entries show failure messages, including incomplete handshake and RADIUS/authentication failures.

The client is unable to complete the full authentication process—typical indicators of incorrect credentials (failed RADIUS authentication) and failure in the WPA handshake process.

Unsuccessful association—No; the client does associate but fails at authentication/handshake.

C. Client denied after many attempts—No evidence the client itself is denying; it’s failing at the network’s authentication step.

When a FortiAP is directly cabled to a FortiGate interface, it sends out a broadcast CAPWAP discovery packet.

The FortiGate listens for these on its interfaces and then discovers/provisions the FortiAP automatically.