4A0-103 Sample Questions Answers

Disable route summarization on router R3.

Enable LDP aggregate prefix match.

Create an import policy to accept 10.10.10.2/32 and 10.10.10.4/32.

Disable LDP exact match on 10.10.10.2/32 and 10.10.10.4/32.

RIB

FIB

LIB

LFIB

TE enabled OSPF routers

Backbone router only

ABR only

ASBR only

Administrative Groups

Shared Risk Link Groups

Strict hop LSP paths

Fast reroute

A mechanism that implements opaque LSAs.

A mechanism that computes routes based on defined user requirements.

A mechanism that allows the IGP shortest path to be used.

A mechanism that allows RSVP or LDP signaling to use a route other than the IGP best route to establish a LSP.

Label space mode

Label retention

Control mode

Keepalive factor

It identifies the FEC.

It specifies the packet's header length

It identifies the origin of the packet.

It specifies the type of data contained in the packet

Tunnel ID

Name

LSP ID

To

from prefix-list direct

match local

from protocol direct

match protocol direct

from protocol local

Each implementation can use them as they see fit.

They are used to carry the Ethertype value.

They are used to carry the TTL value.

They are used to carry QoS classification.

They are used to carry fragmentation flag information

Independent control mode, downstream on demand

Independent control mode, downstream unsolicited

Ordered control mode, downstream on demand

Ordered control mode, downstream unsolicited

Router R1 will switch traffic to the secondary path immediately.

Router R1 will discard traffic until a new IGP route to router R6 is re-calculated.

Router R1 will discard traffic because the secondary path isnot a fully strict path.

Router R1 will signal the secondary path and switch traffic to it.

The router 10.10.10.1 is a PLR providing node protection for the router 10.10.10.3.

One-to-one fast reroute protection is requested by an LSP.

The bypass-link tunnel is used to avoid the link with the egress interface address 10.3.4.4.

The bypass-node tunnel is used to avoid the next-hop downstream router 10.10.10.3.

Type 8 LSA—Link Local LSA

Type 9 LSA — Link local Opaque LSA

Type 10 LSA — Area local Opaque LSA

Type 11 LSA —AS Opaque LSA

The options field is set to router alert.

The source address is R1's egress interface address.

The destination address is R2's ingress interface address.

The HOP object includes R2's system address.

They list the RSVP session names that the router is refreshing,

They list the Message IDs that the router is refreshing,

They list the Tunnel IDs that the router is refreshing.

They list the LSP I Ds that the router is refreshing.

The TC field is set based on the value of the DSCP field inside the customer packet.

The TC field is set to a specific value via explicit administrative configuration.

The TC field is set to a system generated random number.

The TC field is set by the eLER.

PE, P

P, PE

PE, CE

CE, PE

CE, P

An IGP route takes priority over a transport tunnel.

Both LDP and RSVP-TE based tunnels can be used.

MPLS tunnels can be used to resolve the prefixes learned via IGP.

Multiple MPLS tunnels can be installed in the FIB.

Enabling VPNs

Enabling traffic engineering

Enabling network security

Enhancing network resiliency

Link-based and T-LDP sessions may be configured on the same LSR.

T-LDP supports sessions between non-directly connected devices.

T-LDP can be configured between directly connected devices.

T-LDP Hello messages are sent to a multicast address.

A single label is assigned to a FEC for all interfaces on the same router.

The same label can be used to forward a packet on an LSR regardless of which egress port is used.

It uses fewer label resources than a per-platform label space.

A separate label is used for each interface that the FEC is advertised on.

The packet will be label switched; the outer label TTL will be 249 and the inner label TTL will be 250.

The packet will be label switched; the outer label TTL will be 249 and the inner label TTL will be 251.

The packet will be label switched; both the outer label TTL and the inner label TTL will be 250.

The packet will be label switched; both the outer label TTL and the inner label TTL will be 249, because they must be the same.

show router ldp default

show router ldp parameters

show router ldp settings

show router mpls settings

show router mpls label-options

Router R1

Router R2

Router R3

Router R4

Router R5

RSVP-TE supports Connection Admission Control (CAC).

RSVP-TE enables simplified configuration of LSPs.

RSVP-TE supports path calculations that do not use IGP cost.

RSVP-TE provides support for traffic protection features.

0x4

0x5

0x10

0xa

PE, P

LER,LSR

LSR,LER

iLER, eLER

eLER, iLER

P, PE

PE-1 requires T-LDP sessions to both ABR-1 and ABR-2.

PE-1 requires a full mesh of RSVP-TE LSPs to all routers in area 1.

ABR-1 requires T-LDP sessions to all ABRs in area 0.

PE-1 requires fast reroute enabled on all RSVP-TE LSPs.

125 Mbps

500 Mbps

625 Mbps

2000 Mbps

Enable the Idp-over-rsvp feature on all PEs and ABRs along the LSP tunnel.

Configure Link-LDP sessions between each PE-ABR and ABR-ABR pair.

Configure RSVP-TE LSPs in each area between each PE-ABR and ABR-ABR pair.

Configure T-LDP sessions with the tunneling option.

By enabling the creation of LSPs across alternate links to balance the network traffic.

By eliminating the requirement for core IP routing.

By not allowing more than one LSP to use a particular path.

By defining multiple LSPs across a network and implementing an IGP load balancing algorithm across them.

The inner label will be exchanged with the MPLS outer label.

The inner label will be exchanged for a new label.

The outer label will be exchanged for a new label.

All labels will be exchanged for one new label.

All labels will be exchanged for an equal number of new labels.

It supports IGP-based LSPs.

It supports constrained path LSPs.

It does not support loose explicit path LSPs.

It is recommended for use in Traffic Engineering applications.

It cannot be used with facility backup fast reroute.