PDII Sample Questions Answers

For AppExchange development, Custom Metadata Types (Option C) are the superior choice for application configurations. Unlike Custom Settings or Custom Objects, Custom Metadata records are treated as metadata, not data.

This provides three critical advantages for an AppExchange developer:

Packaging and Deployment: You can package the metadata records (the "best practice settings") as part of your managed package. When a customer installs your app, these settings are automatically populated in their org.

Environment Consistency: Custom Metadata can be deployed across sandboxes and production using standard deployment tools (Change Sets, CLI), whereas Custom Settings require manual data migration or data loading in every new environment.

Unit Testing: Apex tests can access Custom Metadata without the need for (SeeAllData=true). This ensures that your package's logic remains testable and robust across all subscriber orgs regardless of their specific data setup.

Custom Labels (Option D) are intended for translated text, not complex logic triggers. Custom Objects (Option B) consume data storage and cannot be easily packaged with default records. Custom Metadata allows the app to be "configurable" by the subscriber while providing a "standard" baseline upon installation.

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In the Aura Component Framework, the $Locale global value provider (Opt13ion C) is specifically designed to handle globalization and localization. It provides direct access to the current user's locale preferences, including date and time formats, number grouping symbols, and currency symbols. Instead of manually querying the User object or creating custom settings, a developer can use expressions like {!$Locale.currencySymbol} or {!$Locale.dateFormat} directly in the component's markup or controller.

Using $Locale ensures that the application remains dynamic; if an employee moves from a US office to a European office and updates their Salesforce profile locale, the application will automatically reflect the new formatting rules without any code changes. This is more efficient than using $User (Option A), which would require additional logic to map locale strings to specific formats. $Label (Option D) is used for translated text strings, not formatting patterns. By leveraging the native $Locale provider, the developer ensures that the commission and benefit data are presented in a familiar, accurate context for every employee worldwide.

The current Apex controller implementation contains a type mismatch between the data being sent from the JavaScript controller and the data type expected by the Apex method. In the JavaScript file, this.firstName is initialized as the string 'world'. When the serverEcho method is invoked, it passes this string value under the key firstName.

In the Apex Controller, the parameter is incorrectly defined as an sObject. Because the JavaScript is passing a simple string, the Apex method signature must be updated to accept a String (Option B). Consequently, line 06—which attempts to use the .get() method (a method specific to sObjects)—is no longer valid and should be removed. Instead, the developer should directly use the firstName variable in the return statement (Option C).

Option A is incorrect because @AuraEnabled is a method-level annotation, not a class-level one. Option D is incorrect because public static is the sufficient and standard access modifier for Apex methods exposed to Lightning components; global is only necessary if the component resides in a different namespace (such as in a managed package). By aligning the data types between the two layers, the serialization process can correctly map the JavaScript string to the Apex string variable.

In Visualforce, the standard behavior for an is to perform a full page postback. To convert this into an asynchronous (AJAX) request that only updates a specific portion of the page, the developer must use the reRender attribute (D). By setting reRender="opportunityList" on the command button, the developer instructs the platform to capture the server's response and update only the DOM element with that specific ID, rather than refreshing the entire browser window.

While Option C (returning null from the search method) is a requirement for staying on the same page, it does not prevent the full refresh by itself. Option A () is used to limit which part of the form's data is sent to the server for processing (to avoid validation errors on unrelated fields), but it does not control which part of the page is re-drawn on the client. Option B () is a way to call Apex from JavaScript but doesn't solve the button's refresh behavior directly. Implementing reRender is the standard and most efficient way to achieve the "partial refresh" UX in Visualforce, significantly improving the perceived performance and user experience by reducing the amount of data and UI flickering during search operations.

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Com31prehensive and Detailed 150 32to 250 words of Explanation:333435

In a Private sharing model36, record access is restricted to the own37er and users38 above them in the role hierarchy. To grant access to a user identified in a specific field (like a lookup), you need a dynamic sharing mechanism. Apex Managed Sharing (Option A) is the correct choice here because it allows a developer to programmatically create share records based on the value of the lookup field. When the Interviewer lookup is populated, a trigger can insert a record into the Candidate__Share object, granting the specified user 'Read' access.

Sharing rules (Option C) are generally too rigid for this scenario because they typically share records based on a static criteria or ownership, rather than a dynamic lookup to a User. Permission sets (Option B) grant object-level and field-level permissions but do not grant access to specific records that a user does not own in a Private OWD environment. Using Apex provides the necessary automation to ensure that as the interviewer changes, the sharing access is updated in real-time, maintaining a secure but functional interview process.

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This requirement calls for "Transactional Atomicity," meaning either both database operations (Account creation and Contact creation) succeed, or neither is committed to the database. In Apex, each DML statement normally acts as its own individual transaction unless managed by Savepoints.

The correct approach is to use Database.setSavepoint() and Database.rollback() within a try-catch block (Option A). The developer sets a savepoint immediately before the Account is inserted. If the Account is created successfully but the subsequent Contact insertion fails (due to a validation rule, trigger error, or system exception), the code enters the catch block. Within the catch block, the developer executes Database.rollback(sp), which reverts the database to the state it was in before the Account was ever inserted.

Option B is technically similar but "A" provides the standard programmatic pattern name. Option C (allOrNone=false) only applies to a single list of records in one DML call and cannot link the success of an Account to a Contact. Option D (manual deletion) is an unreliable "cleanup" strategy that fails if the system crashes or if there are secondary side effects from the initial insertion. Using Savepoints ensures the platform handles the rollback safely and completely.

When processing large data volumes in Apex, the "Heap Size" limit (6MB for synchronous, 12MB for asynchronous) is a common bottleneck. This limit tracks the amount of memory consumed by objects and variables currently in scope.

Option B utilizes the SOQL For Loop pattern. This is the most memory-efficient approach because it processes records in "chunks" of 200 at a time using internal query locators. Instead of loading the entire result set (potentially thousands of records) into a single collection in memory, the SOQL For Loop iterates through the records without ever holding the full set in the heap. This prevents the "Apex heap size too large" error when dealing with high-volume queries.

In contrast, Options A, C, and D all involve assigning the entire query result to a collection (a Map or List) before the loop begins. This immediately consumes heap space proportional to the number of records and fields retrieved. If the query returns a large number of records, these collections will quickly exceed the heap limit before the first line of the loop even executes. Therefore, for bulk data processing where memory efficiency is the priority, the inline SOQL For Loop (Option B) is the standard best practice.

Comprehensive and Detailed 43150 to 250 words of Explanation:44

The critical requirement in this scenario is that "no additional steps are needed45" upon deployment. This refers to the ability to migrate not just the logic, but also the configuration data (the rates) across environments (e.g., from Sandbox to Production).

Custom Metadata Types (Option A) are the only option among those listed that are treated as metadata rather than data. This means that individual records within a Custom Metadata Type can be included in Change Sets, unlocked packages, or via the Metadata API. When the developer deploys the code, they include the metadata records for the regions and rates in the same package. Once the deployment finishes, the code can immediately query those rates and perform calculations without any manual record creation in the production environment.

In contrast, Custom List Settings (Option B), Custom Objects (Option C), and Hierarchy Settings (Option D) store their records as "data." Data is not deployable via Change Sets. If a developer used these options, they would have to manually re-enter all the regional rates in Production after the code was deployed, which violates the requirement for a seamless, automated deployment process.

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The Visualforce View State is a hidden form field that maintains the state of the page (including controller variables) between server requests. 9Salesforce imposes a strict 135KB limit on the View State. When a page handles large amounts of 10data—such as large lists of records or complex objects—the serialized size of the controller variables can easily exceed this limit, resulting in a runtime error for the user.

To correct these errors, the developer should use the transient keyword (Option C). Marking a variable as transient prevents it from being serialized into the View State. This is the standard best practice for any data that does not need to be maintained across "postbacks" (actions that refresh the page or part of the page). Common candidates for the transient keyword include:

Large lists of records retrieved for display only.

Temporary variables used for calculations during a single request.

Summary data that can be easily re-queried if needed.

Option A relates to security, not performance. Option B (private variables) does not exclude variables from the View State; only static and transient variables are excluded. Option D relates to SOQL governor limits, which are independent of the View State size. By judiciously using transient, the developer keeps the page weight low and ensures a smooth user experience in production environments with real-world data volumes.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

The lightning-layout grid system uses a 12-column model. To achieve a responsive design, developers use attributes that target different screen breakpoints.

size: Defines the default size (usually targeting the smallest devices if no other attributes are present).

medium-device-size: Targets tablets and small desktops.

large-device-size: Targets large monitors.

To show one column on a phone, an item must occupy all 12 columns (size="12"). To show two columns on a tablet/desktop, each item must occupy 6 columns (medium-device-size="6").

Option A correctly implements this. While small-device-size exists, the size attribute itself typically serves as the baseline for small devices. If you set size="12" and medium-device-size="6", the component will "stack" on phones and sit side-by-side on anything larger.

Comprehensive and 19Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation:20

This integration requiremen21t involves two specific needs: sending a custom JSON payload and handling a response that involves updating data in Salesforce. Outbound Messaging (Option C) is a declarative tool, but it is limited to XML/SOAP protocols and cannot send JSON. Therefore, a custom programmatic solution using Apex is required to construct and send the JSON payload to the external REST service.

Since the integration must be triggered by an event in Salesforce (likely the upload or update of a product record), an Apex trigger is the most direct starting point. However, as noted in previous questions, callouts cannot be performed directly within a trigger's execution context because they would block the database transaction. The developer must use asynchronous processing to handle the callout. An @future(callout=true) method is the standard way to achieve this. The trigger captures the necessary data, passes it to the future method, and the future method then performs the HTTP request to the external application.

Once the external application resizes the image, it can use the Salesforce REST API to send the resized file back to Salesforce. While Platform Events (Option D) are a modern alternative for event-driven architectures, they would still require an asynchronous subscriber (like a trigger or a flow) to actually perform the callout, making the Trigger + Future method combination the most straightforward and traditional answer for this PDII scenario.

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The lightning-layout and lightning-layout-item components utilize a 12-column grid system to create responsive layouts. In this system, "12" represents the full width of the container (one column), while "6" represents half the width (two columns side-by-side). To manage responsiveness across different screen sizes, Salesforce provides specific attributes that target different breakpoints.

The size attribute defines the default width for the smallest devices (mobile). By setting size="12", the item takes up the full width of the screen on mobile devices, resulting in a single-column stack. The medium-device-size attribute targets tablets and small desktop screens. By setting medium-device-size="6", the layout item is instructed to occupy only half of the grid (6 out of 12 columns) once the screen reaches the "medium" breakpoint. When two adjacent items both have this setting, they will sit side-by-side, creating a two-column layout.

Option C is the correct answer because medium-device-size is the standard attribute used to transition from a mobile view to a tablet/desktop view in the Lightning Design System (SLDS) grid logic. Using size="12" ensures the "one column" requirement for mobile, and medium-device-size="6" satisfies the "two columns" requirement for larger screens.

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For application configurations that control behavior and styling across different environments, Custom Metadata Types (Option A) are the industry-standard choice. The primary advantage of Custom Metadata over Custom Settings or Custom Objects is tha1t the2 records themselves are treated as metadata. This means they can be deployed using Change Sets, Salesforce CLI, or packages. When a developer moves code from a Sandbox to Production, the associated configuration records are included in the deployment, ensuring that the Lightning Web Component behaves identically in both environments without manual data setup.

Furthermore, Custom Metadata is highly "testable." In Apex unit tests, you can query Custom Metadata records without needing the (SeeAllData=true) annotation. If your component's Apex controller logic depends on these variables, the tests will remain robust and environment-independent. Custom Settings (Option C) and Custom Objects (Option B) store records as data, which cannot be deployed via Change Sets and require manual entry or data loading in every new sandbox or production org, increasing the risk of configuration errors. Custom Metadata provides the most "extendable" and deployable way to manage component-level constants and behavioral flags.

When developing custom functionality to be surfaced within the standard Salesforce Mobile App, Lightning Web Components (LWC) (Option B) is the recommended approach. LWCs are the modern, high-performance standard for Salesforce development, utilizing modern web standards (ES6+, Web Components) that run natively in the browser.

LWC is preferred over the other options for several reasons:

Performance: LWCs are lightweight and provide a much faster, more responsive user interface than Visualforce (Option D), which is critical for mobile user experience.

Standardization: Since the app will be accessed via the standard Salesforce mobile app, LWCs integrate seamlessly into the mobile navigation, tabs, and action menus.

Customization: LWCs provide full control over the CSS and HTML, allowing the developer to meet the "custom user interface design" requirement while still leveraging the Lightning Data Service for efficient data handling.

Option A (Salesforce SDK) is for building "Custom/Native" standalone apps, not for extending the standard Salesforce app. Option C (Experience Builder) is primarily for external sites (Communities). LWC provides the perfect balance of "custom design" and "native integration" for internal mobile users.

The most fundamental best practice for writing bulk-safe (scalable) Apex triggers is to avoid performing DML operations or SOQL queries inside of loops. Salesforce enforces a limit of 150 DML statements per transaction. If a trigger iterates through a list of 200 records and performs a delete or update inside that loop, the code will fail with a governor limit exception after the 150th record.

To make a trigger bulk-safe, developers must collect all records that need to be processed into a collection (such as a List or Map) and then perform a single DML operation on that entire collection outside of the loop (Option B). This consumes only one DML statement regardless of the number of records (up to the 10,000 row limit).

Option A is incorrect because LIMIT 50000 does not help with bulk safety; it just prevents a query from exceeding the SOQL row limit. Option C (using allOrNone=false) allows for partial success of a DML operation but does not inherently make a trigger bulk-safe if the calls are still made inside a loop. Option D is incorrect because moving DML to a future method is a way to handle callouts or long-running processes, but it is not a general requirement for trigger bulkification and can lead to reaching asynchronous limits if used incorrectly.

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The issue described is rooted in the Salesforce Order of Execution. When a record is saved, Salesforce follows a very specific sequence of events. First, original triggers (before and after) are executed. Only after these triggers have completed does the system evaluate and execute workflow rules.34

In this scenario, th5e following happens:6

The user saves the Opportunity with the count set to 4.7

The After Trigger fires. At this point, the field value i8s still 4. Since the trigger logic only creates a child record when the value "changes from 4 to 5," and it is currently exactly 4 (not yet 5), the condition is not met.

Next, the Workflow Rule fires and performs a field update, changing the count from 4 to 5.

According to the platform rules, a workflow field update causes Before and After Triggers to fire one more time to account for the change. However, in this second execution of the after trigger, Trigger.old now contains the value 4 (from the start of the second execution) and Trigger.new contains 5. While the condition old == 4 and new == 5 is now technically true, many developers fail to realize that the first execution (before the workflow) already bypassed the logic because the workflow hadn't updated the value yet.

If the trigger was written to look for the exact transition, it might fail during the first pass (where the value is 4) and potentially execute during the second pass. However, if the logic is not specifically handled to account for the re-entrant nature of workflow field updates, or if the "After triggers fire before workflow rules" (Option A) is the primary constraint being tested, it explains why the initial save logic didn't see the "5" until it was too late in the initial trigger context.