LEED-AP-BD+C Sample Questions Answers

Extended producer responsibility

Extended producer responsibility is a leadership extraction practice that encourages manufacturers to take back their products or packaging at the end of their useful life and recycle them in a closed-loop system. This reduces the environmental impacts of extraction, transportation, and disposal of raw materials. LEED rewards projects for choosing materials that have extended producer responsibility programs or policies in place.

References:

• Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 – Pages 263-2641
• LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S.Green Building Council2

The correct answer isA. Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Demand Response. This is because:

• A building automation system (BAS) is a system that controls and monitors various aspects of a building’s operation, such as lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, security, fire alarm, and energy management1.
• A BAS can allow programmable load control (PLC), which is the ability to adjust the power consumption of devices or equipment based on a schedule, a sensor, or an event2.PLC can help reduce the energy demand and cost of a building by optimizing the use of resources and avoiding unnecessary or wasteful consumption3.
• The LEED AP BD+C V4 credit for Demand Response requires that buildings have a demand response program that can respond to changes in electricity prices or supply by reducing or shifting the demand for electricity4. A BAS can enable such a program by allowing PLC and other features that can modulate the power usage of devices or equipment in response to market signals or internal conditions.

Therefore, installing a BAS to allow PLC can help achieve the Energy and Atmosphere Credit for Demand Response by reducing the energy demand and cost of a building.

References:1: Building Automation Systems - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics2: Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics3: How Programmable Logic Controllers Can Help You Save Money on Your Energy Bills4: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S. Green Building Council : How Building Automation Systems Can Help You Save Money on Your Energy Bills

SRI generally decreases with age

The Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) is a measure of the ability of a surface to reflect solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise. It is calculated using the values of solar reflectance and thermal emittance of the surface. The higher the SRI, the lower the heat island effect. However, SRI generally decreases with age due to factors such as weathering, dirt accumulation, and biological growth. Therefore, the Sustainable Sites Credit, Heat Island Reduction takes into account both new and three-year aged SRI values for roofing material to ensure that the material maintains a high level of reflectance over time.

References:

• SpecTopics: Heat Island Reduction Credit and LEED V4/V4.1 - Carlisle SynTec1
• Solar Reflectance Index Measurements - Surface Optics Corp.2

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, the bicycle network must connect to a rapid transit stop that is within 3 mi. (5 km) biking distance of the project boundary. This is one of the options to meet the requirement for Option 1: Bicycle Network and Storage. The other options are to connect to at least 10 diverse uses or to connect to a school or employment center that is within 3 mi. (5 km) biking distance of the project boundary. References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Location and Transportation Credit: Bicycle Facilities, Option 1: Bicycle Network and Storage1

According to the LEED minimum program requirements, the LEED project must include a minimum of 1000 square feet (93 square meters) of gross floor area for the LEED BD+C and LEED O+M rating systems1.

References:

• LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide
• LEED minimum program requirements

The rating system that is being used if all of the credits below have been submitted towards certification is Building Design and Construction: Hospitality. This is because the Location and Transportation Credit, Reduced Parking Footprint and the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Acoustic Performance are only available for the Hospitality rating system among the four options. The other two credits are common for all the rating systems.References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.301; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.401; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.411; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, p.421

Install an on-site photovoltaic array

Installing an on-site photovoltaic array is a direct method to produce renewable energy on the project site, which can be used to achieve points under the Energy Atmosphere Credit for Renewable Energy Production. Additionally, it contributes to optimizing energy performance by generating clean electricity on-site and reducing the need for energy from non-renewable sources.

References: As per the LEED AP Building Design + Construction (LEED AP BD+C) V4 resources, the installation of on-site renewable energy systems like photovoltaic arrays is encouraged to reduce environmental impacts and improve a building’s energy performance. This aligns with the goals of both the Renewable Energy Production and Optimize Energy Performance credits under the LEED rating system. For more detailed information, you can refer to the web-based reference guide in the credit library at USGBC’s official website.

In determining the LEED project boundaries, the LEED AP may include non-contiguous parcels of land if the parcels directly support or are associated with normal building operations and are accessible to the project’s occupants. This is according to the Minimum Program Requirements (MPRs) for LEED v4.1, which state that non-contiguous parcels of land may be included within the LEED project boundary if they meet these criteria1. Facilities such as parking lots, bicycle storage, shower/changing facilities, and/or on-site renewable energy that are outside of the LEED project boundary may also be included in certain prerequisites and credits if they directly serve the LEED project and are not double-counted for other LEED projects1. The other options are not valid reasons to include non-contiguous parcels of land within the LEED project boundary. Temporary uses such as parking or staging that are owned and managed by a third party do not directly support or are associated with normal building operations of the LEED project1. Existing public preservation easements or resource protection areas that are directly adjacent to the LEED project boundary are not considered as part of the LEED project boundary, unless they are owned by the project owner or the project team has permission to use them2. Land trusts or conservation organizations for which the LEED project provides financial support are not considered as part of the LEED project boundary, unless they are located within the same EPA Level III ecoregion as the project site3.

References:

•Minimum Program Requirements (MPRs) - U.S. Green Building Council

•NC-v4.1 MPR2: Must use reasonable LEED boundaries | LEEDuser

•Site development - protect or restore habitat, p. 2

An energy meter must be installed for hot water at the main service point for the project to meet the requirements for Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Building-Level Energy Metering.According to the LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, this prerequisite requires that “all energy sources used by the building must be metered or submetered”1. The hot water from the central utility plant is an energy source used by the building, even if it is not directly paid by the office. Therefore, it must be metered at the point where it enters the building. The other options are incorrect because natural gas is not an energy source used by the building in this case, and the flat fee or the ownership of the energy source do not exempt the project from the metering requirement.References: LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Energy and Atmosphere Category, EAp Building-Level Energy Metering, page 569.

This option requires the project to calculate the contributing value of the fixture by multiplying the cost of the fixture by the percentage of recycled content by weight1. Since the shades are 10% of the overall weight of the fixture and are 50% post-consumer recycled content, the contributing value of the fixture is:

$1,500 x 10% x 50% = $75

References: = LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Recycled content | U.S. Green Building Council.

A multiple-zone system is a system that has one or more air handlers supplying conditioned air to more than one zone. A zone is a space or group of spaces within a building with heating and cooling requirements that are sufficiently similar so that desired conditions (e.g., temperature) can be maintained throughout using a single controlling device. The ventilation rate procedure calculations must be based on the multiple-zone system configuration because the HVAC system in the question serves different zones with different ventilation requirements.References: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p.6881; ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2010, Section 6.2.52

Exemplary Performance is not available for Option 2 of Location and Transportation Credit, Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses. According to the LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, this credit has two options: Option 1. Surrounding Density (5 points) and Option 2. Diverse Uses (1 point).Exemplary Performance is only available for Option 1, and it requires achieving a surrounding density of at least 405,000 square feet per acre (100,000 square meters per hectare)1.Option 2 does not have any Exemplary Performance criteria, and it only requires locating the project within a 1/2-mile (800-meter) walking distance of at least seven diverse uses2.References:

• Credit: Surrounding density and diverse uses | U.S. Green Building Council
• Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses - LEED v4

The best design approach for the office building is D. Recover waste energy through exhaust air energy recovery systems. This is because:

• Installing glazing with a higher solar heat gain factor would increase the cooling load and energy consumption of the building, especially in an extremely humid climate where heat gain is high1.
• Installing photovoltaic panels on the sides of the building would generate electricity from solar radiation, but it would not reduce the cooling load or energy consumption of the building, unless the electricity is used to power a heat pump or other cooling device2.
• Increasing outdoor air intake quantities during summer months would provide more fresh air to dilute the indoor pollutants and improve the indoor air quality, but it would not reduce the cooling load or energy consumption of the building, unless it is combined with a ventilation system that recovers waste energy from the exhaust air stream34.

An exhaust air energy recovery system (ERV) is a type of mechanical ventilation that uses a heat exchanger to transfer heat between two streams of air: one that enters the building and one that exits. The ERV pre-cools and dehumidifies the incoming ventilation air bysending the rejected heat into the exhaust airstream to cool the condenser coil at a lower temperature. This reduces both the cooling load and energy consumption of the building, as well as improving its indoor humidity levels34. An ERV can also provide some fresh outdoor air to meet ASHRAE Standard 62 ventilation rates5.

Therefore, an ERV is a more efficient and effective design approach than glazing, photovoltaic panels, or increased outdoor air intake quantities for reducing the annual energy cost for operating an office building in an extremely humid climate and shaded by very large adjacent buildings on all four sides.

References: 1: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S. Green Building Council 2: LEED AP BD+C Exam | U.S. Green Building Council 3: Energy Recovery Systems - Nortek Air Solutions 4: Energy Recovery Ventilators - Greenheck 5: Mechanical Ventilation Types: Exhaust, Supply, Balanced & Energy Recovery

The Indoor Air Quality Assessment credit under LEED v4.1 BD+C rating system (Building Design and Construction) seeks to establish better quality indoor air in the building after construction and during occupancy.The credit provides two options for compliance, which cannot be combined1. Therefore, Indoor Environmental Quality test results would be required for credit compliance.

References:LEED (BD+C)- Indoor Environmental Quality Credit: Indoor air Quality …

The correct answer is C, the Cx agent for the project must conduct or oversee the Cx of the PV system. According to the LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, the Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Fundamental Commissioning and Verification, requires that all energy-related systems, including renewable energy systems such as PV, be commissioned by an independent commissioning agent (CxA) or a qualified member of the project team who reports to the owner.The CxA or the qualified team member must perform or oversee all commissioning activities, including developing a commissioning plan, reviewing design documents and submittals, verifying installation and performance, and preparing a commissioning report12References:1: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite: Fundamental Commissioning and Verification, page 562.2: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Glossary, page 1020.

The correct answer is D. critically reviewed life-cycle assessment conforming to ISO 14044. This is because:

•Option 1 of this credit requires the use of products that have environmental product declarations (EPDs), which are documents that provide information about the environmental impact of a product throughout its life cycle1.

•EPDs are based on life-cycle assessments (LCAs), which are systematic analyses of the environmental aspects and potential impacts of a product from raw material extraction to disposal2.

•LCAs must conform to the international standard ISO 14044, which specifies the principles and framework for conducting and reporting LCAs3. LCAs must also be critically reviewed by an independent panel of experts to ensure their validity and reliability4.

•The other options are not relevant for this credit. FSC certification is a label that indicates that a wood product comes from a well-managed forest5. Cradle-to-cradle certification is a label that indicates that a product is designed for circular economy, with minimal waste and toxicity. CSR is a report that discloses the social and environmental performance of a company.

References: 1: Building product disclosure and optimization - environmental product … 2: [Life Cycle Assessment - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics] 3: [ISO 14044:2006(en), Environmental management — Life cycle …] 4: [Critical Review in LCA - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics] 5: [Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) | U.S. Green Building Council] : [Cradle to Cradle Certified™ Products Program] : [Corporate Sustainability Reporting - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics]

Providing a vehicular access drive that is less than 16 ft. (5 m) in width is considered an acceptable minor improvement within the wetland buffer for Location and Transportation Credit, Sensitive Land Protection.This credit requires avoiding development on land that meets one or more of the following criteria: prime farmland, floodplains, threatened or endangered species habitat, water bodies, wetlands, or land within 100 feet (30 meters) of these water bodies or wetlands1.However, the credit allows minor improvements within the wetland buffer if they are necessary for the project and have minimal environmental impact2.Examples of minor improvements include trails, boardwalks, stormwater outfalls, and utility crossings2.References:

• Credit: Sensitive land protection | U.S. Green Building Council
• NC-v4.1 LTc2: Sensitive land protection | LEEDuser

The correct answer is C. Proximity of vulnerable populations to major sources of air pollution.

According to the LEED v4.1 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, the Site Assessment credit requires projects to conduct and document a site inventory and analysis that covers the following topics1:

• Topography
• Hydrology
• Climate
• Vegetation
• Soils
• Human use
• Human health effects

The human health effects topic includes identifying the proximity of vulnerable populations, such as children, elderly, or low-income residents, to major sources of air pollution, such as highways, power plants, or industrial facilities.This information can help the project team design strategies to minimize the exposure of occupants and visitors to harmful pollutants and improve the indoor and outdoor air quality of the project1.

The other options are not required for the Site Assessment credit, although they may be relevant for other credits or prerequisites.A targeted Brownfield remedy plan is required for the Brownfields Remediation credit, which applies to projects located on sites contaminated by past uses1.A historic preservation plan to include neighboring properties is not required for any LEED credit, although projects that involve historic buildings or districts must comply with local regulations and standards for preservation1. The surrounding density within a 1/4 mi.(0.40 km) radius of the project boundary is not required for the Site Assessment credit, but it is used to calculate the points for the Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses credit, which encourages projects to locate in areas with high levels of existing development and mixed land uses1.

Reducing the area planned for surface parking and replacing it with additional vegetated space can provide several benefits to the owner, such as:

• Decreasing the amount of bicycle parking that must be provided, since there will be less demand for parking spaces for cyclists.
• Increasing the overall SR (solar reflectance) of the hardscape area, which can reduce the cooling load and energy consumption of the building.
• Decreasing the required amount of on-street parking that must be provided, since there will be less demand for parking spaces for cars.

However, one of the most significant benefits of this strategy is increasing the rainwater infiltration capacity, which can improve the water quality and quantity in the stormwater system. According to a study by Biondolilo1, integrating green space into parking lots can decrease stormwater runoff, mitigate the heat island effect, store carbon, improve air quality and may have social benefits as well. The study estimated that converting 30% of Manhattan’s parking into green space would decrease runoff and pollutants from parking lots1. Therefore, this strategy can help reduce water demand and environmental impact in arid climates.

References:

• How Eliminating Parking Minimums Actually Makes Cities Better
• Analyzing the benefits of reducing parking: improving public transportation to reduce parking demand and increase space for green infrastructure in Manhattan, Kansas
• Benefits of Urban Vegetation and Green Spaces - BeautyHarmonyLife
• Reduce Urban Heat Island Effect | Green Infrastructure | US EPA

According to the LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, no smoking signage must be placed within 10 feet (3 meters) of every building entrance, except for alarmed emergency exits. This applies to both the main entrance and the service entrances, regardless of their location or frequency of use.The signage is intended to communicate the no-smoking policy to occupants and visitors and prevent environmental tobacco smoke from entering the building.References: EQ Prerequisite Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control, LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction123

The Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Minimum Energy Performance, Option 2. Prescriptive Compliance: ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide allows projects to follow the recommendations of the ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guides (AEDGs) for different building types and climate zones. The AEDGs provide design guidance for buildings that use 50% less energy than those built to the requirements of the ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2004 commercial code1. However, not all building types and sizes are covered by the AEDGs. According to the LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction2, the following building types and sizes are eligible for this option:

• Small to Medium Office buildings up to 100,000 ft2 (9 290 m2)
• Medium to Large Retail buildings up to 100,000 ft2 (9 290 m2)
• K-12 School buildings up to 200,000 ft2 (18 580 m2)
• Warehouse and Distribution Center buildings up to 500,000 ft2 (46 450 m2)

Therefore, among the given options, only the school project is eligible to pursue this option, as it falls within the size limit for the K-12 School AEDG3.

References:

• LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4
• Minimum Energy Performance - ASHRAE 90.1 - 2010
• ASHRAE 50% Advanced Energy Design Guide for K-12 School Buildings
• Advanced Energy Design Guides | Department of Energy

Option 1 of the Innovation credit under LEED v4.1 BD+C rating system (Building Design and Construction) allows for achieving significant, measurable environmental performance using a strategy not addressed in the LEED green building rating system1. Implementing an employee engagement and education plan could be a unique strategy that promotes sustainability and environmental stewardship, which is not specifically addressed in the LEED rating system.

References:LEED (BD+C)- Innovation Credit: Innovation Option 1

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, one of the strategies to reduce indoor water use is to optimize the consumption of showerheads by selecting fixtures that have a flow rate lower than the baseline of 2.0 gallons per minute (gpm) at 80 psi, or a local equivalent for projects outside the U.S.This can help the project achieve the Water Efficiency Prerequisite, Indoor Water Use Reduction, and the Water Efficiency Credit, Indoor Water Use Reduction, by reducing the aggregate water consumption from plumbing fixtures and fittings by at least 20% from the baseline1.

The other choices are not strategies to reduce indoor water use, because:

• Designing drip irrigation for landscape is a strategy to reduce outdoor water use, not indoor water use1.
• Using high-efficiency HVAC systems is a strategy to reduce energy use, not water use, although it may have some indirect water savings by reducing the cooling tower water use2.
• Excluding janitor closets in the building is not a feasible or practical strategy, as janitor closets are necessary for cleaning and maintenance purposes, and may also be required by codes or standards3.

References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Water Efficiency Prerequisite, Indoor Water Use Reduction, Requirements1; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Water Efficiency Credit, Indoor Water Use Reduction, Requirements1; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Optimize Energy Performance, Requirements2; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Green Cleaning - High-Performance Cleaning Program, Requirements3

Furniture is the only type of product that needs to be evaluated for both VOC content and VOC emissions in the LEED BD+C Low-Emitting Materials credit.Flooring, composite wood, and wet applied products only need to meet the VOC content requirements, while other types of products, such as ceilings, walls, thermal and acoustic insulation, and exterior applied products, only need to meet the VOC emissions requirements1.

References:

• LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide
• Low-Emitting Materials | U.S. Green Building Council

This option requires the project team to exclude public right-of-way areas, such as streets, sidewalks, and alleys, from the calculations of the surrounding existing density1. This option ensures that the density is measured based on the buildable land area, which is the area available for development or construction2.

References: = [LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide], Surrounding density and diverse uses.

Rainwater collected from the building roof would be the most appropriate nonpotable water source for use in a cooling tower. This is because rainwater is generally cleaner than other nonpotable sources and does not require extensive treatment before use.Additionally, using rainwater can help to reduce stormwater runoff, providing an additional environmental benefit.References: LEED AP Building Design + Construction (LEED AP BD+C) V4 resources1

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, lead, mercury, copper and cadmium are examples of persistent bioaccumulative toxins (PBTs) that should be limited in building products. PBTs are substances that remain in the environment for long periods of time, accumulate in living organisms, and pose health risks to humans and wildlife. One of the prerequisites for the Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients, is to reduce the use of products that contain PBTs above certain thresholds1. References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients, Option 3: Product Manufacturer Supply Chain Optimization1

The assembly U-value of a building envelope component is the overall rate of heat transfer through that component, taking into account the different materials and layers that make up the component. For example, the assembly U-value of a wall would include the effects of the insulation, framing, sheathing, cladding, air films, etc. The assembly U-value is different from the material U-value, which is the rate of heat transfer through a single material. For example, the material U-value of steel is much higher than the material U-value of glass, but the assembly U-value of a steel-framed window may be lower than the assembly U-value of a glass curtain wall, depending on the other factors involved.

References: = [LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide], Minimum Energy Performance Calculator - ASHRAE 90.1 - 2010, A Quick and Easy Guide to U-Values - First In Architecture.

Xeriscaping is a landscaping method that reduces water demand by using plants that are adapted to dry climates, mulching the soil to retain moisture, and minimizing the amount of lawn and other turf areas. Xeriscaping can help save water, money, and energy, as well as improve the health of the soil and the environment.

References:

•How to Xeriscape for a Water-Wise Yard - Better Homes & Gardens

•Xeriscaping: how to use this landscaping method in your yard | Why subscribe?

•Xeriscaping: Gardening with Less Water - Dennis’ 7 Dees | Landscaping …

•Guide to Xeriscape Landscaping - The Spruce.

The credit may be achieved by using nonroof measures only, such as shading, paving, and vegetation, to reduce the heat island effect on the site. The credit does not require a highly reflective roof for all projects, but allows for flexibility and trade-offs depending on the climate and design conditions.The project can use the Heat Island Reduction1to demonstrate compliance with the credit requirements.The credit is feasible and applicable for this project, and does not need an alternative compliance path.References: SS Credit Heat Island Reduction, LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction234

Coordinating open space features early during the site planning phase is a viable strategy for optimizing open space under Sustainable Sites Credit, Open Space. This can help to preserve natural habitats, reduce heat island effects, and enhance human health and well-being. The credit requires that the project provide outdoor space that is at least 30% of the total site area, and that at least 25% of that outdoor space meets certain criteria for vegetated, pervious, or shaded areas. References:

• LEED credit library: This is the USGBC’s comprehensive listing of all the LEED credits available in pursuing certification for your project. The credit library contains the requirements and guidance for each credit, as well as the web-based reference guide for the Building Design and Construction rating system.
• Open Space: This is the specific credit page for the Open Space credit under the Sustainable Sites category. It provides the intent, requirements, and strategies for achieving the credit, as well as the number of points available and the applicable project types.
• Step by Step Approach to Comply with the Open Space Credit in LEED v4: This is a blog post that explains the steps and calculations involved in complying with the Open Space credit. It also provides some examples and tips for optimizing open space design.

Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials, Option 2. Leadership Extraction Practices

Natural rubber flooring is a bio-based material that can contribute to the achievement of Option 2 of the Sourcing of Raw Materials credit, which requires using products that meet at least one of the responsible extraction criteria for at least 25%, by cost, of the total value of permanently installed building products in the project1.By meeting the Sustainable Agriculture Standard (SAN), the natural rubber flooring demonstrates that it has been produced in a way that conserves biodiversity, protects natural resources, and enhances social and economic well-being2. Therefore, the cost of the substituted flooring ($80,000) can be counted towards the credit threshold.

References:

• Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 – Pages 263-2641
• Sustainable Agriculture Standard | Rainforest Alliance3

When calculating the reverberation time of a room, the operating sound level of the nearest HVAC equipment is the least relevant piece of information. The reverberation time is the time it takes for the sound to decay by 60 decibels after the source stops emitting sound. The reverberation time depends on the volume and the surface area of the room, as well as the sound absorption coefficients of the materials that cover the surfaces. The height and width of the room are needed to calculate the volume and the surface area. The noise reduction coefficient of the ceiling surface and the sound absorption coefficient of the floor surface are needed to calculate the total sound absorption of the room. The operating sound level of the nearest HVAC equipment is not relevant for calculating the reverberation time, but it may affect the background noise level and the speech intelligibility in the room.

References:

•LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Indoor Environmental Quality Credit: Acoustic Performance, page 7101

•Sounds of Silence: Acoustic Performance in LEED v4.12

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide1, Option 2 of the Surrounding Density and Diverse Uses credit requires the project to be within walking distance of at least 10 diverse uses. The guide also states that “walking distance is defined as the distance that a pedestrian must travel between origins and destinations without obstruction, in a safe and comfortable environment on a continuous network of sidewalks, all weather-surface footpaths, crosswalks, or equivalent pedestrian facilities.” Therefore, the documentation must include walking routes from the project to each use to demonstrate that the distance requirement is met. References:

• LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide
• CI-v4.1 LTc2: Surrounding density and diverse uses | LEEDuser

For major renovation and new construction projects, the required energy and water-related system analyses should be the same except for plug and process load needs. Plug and process loads are the electrical loads that are not related to lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)systems, such as computers, appliances, equipment, and machinery. Plug and process load needs may vary depending on the type and function of the building, and they can have a significant impact on the energy performance and demand of the building. Therefore, the project team should analyze the plug and process load needs for each project and design strategies to reduce or optimize them. The other factors, such as site conditions, massing and orientation, and building envelope performance, are common to both major renovation and new construction projects, and they should be analyzed in the same way for both types of projects.

References:

•LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Integrative Process Credit: Integrative Process, page 811

•Integrative Process Worksheet2

Interior paint must always be included in Materials and Resources credits.This is because interior paint is considered as a permanently installed product, which is defined by the LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction as "a product that is installed in a project permanently or semi-permanently, such that removal would require demolition or substantial renovation."1Permanently installed products must be included in the calculations for the following Materials and Resources credits: Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials, and Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients.1The other options are not always included in Materials and Resources credits.Faucets (option A) and fire suppression systems (option D) are considered as mechanical, electrical, and plumbing components, which are excluded from the scope of Materials and Resources credits unless they are specifically addressed by the credit requirements.1Furniture (option B) is considered as a non-permanently installed product, which is optional to include in Materials and Resources credits, except for the Building Product Disclosure and Optimization - Material Ingredients credit, where furniture must be included if it is within the project scope.1References: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p.5791; LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p.5801; LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p.5811; LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p.5821; LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, p.5831

Increase the number of skylights

Skylights are openings in the roof or ceiling that allow natural light to enter the building. They can improve daylighting by providing more uniform and diffuse illumination, reducing the need for artificial lighting, and enhancing the visual comfort and well-being of occupants. Skylights can also reduce cooling loads by minimizing solar heat gain through the roof. However, skylights must be designed carefully to avoid glare, overheating, and heat loss issues.

References:

• Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 – Pages 279-2801
• Daylighting | WBDG - Whole Building Design Guide1

A current facilities requirements and operations and maintenance plan must contain any changes in schedules or setpoints for different seasons, days of the week, and times of day. This is to ensure that the building systems are operating efficiently and according to the design intent. The other options are too limited or too specific and do not cover all the possible variations in schedules or setpoints.References: LEED v4 BD+C Reference Guide, Energy and Atmosphere Category, EAp Fundamental Commissioning and Verification, page 569.

A vegetated shading structure is an example of a nonroof measure for Sustainable Sites Credit, Heat Island Reduction. The heat island effect is the phenomenon of urban areas having higher air temperatures than surrounding rural areas due to the absorption and emission of heat by human-made surfaces, such as buildings, roads, and pavements. The heat island effect can have negative impacts on the environment, human health, and energy consumption. One of the strategies to reduce the heat island effect is to use nonroof measures that provide shade, reflectivity, or evapotranspiration for at least 50% of the site hardscape, such as parking lots, walkways, plazas, and courtyards1. A vegetated shading structure is a type of nonroof measure that consists of a trellis or pergola that supports climbing plants or vines that provide shade and cooling for the underlying surface. A vegetated shading structure can also enhance the aesthetic and ecological value of the site2.

The other options are not examples of nonroof measures for Sustainable Sites Credit, Heat Island Reduction. A playground with artificial turf is not a nonroof measure, but a roof measure, as it is considered as part of the building envelope. Artificial turf is also not a compliant roof measure, as it does not meet the minimum solar reflectance index (SRI) or vegetated roof requirements1. A shade structure with a three-year aged SRI value of 0.2 is not a compliant nonroof measure, as it does not meet the minimum SRI value of 29 for nonroof surfaces1. A paving material with a three-year aged SRI value of 0.2 is also not a compliant nonroof measure, as it does not meet the minimum SRI value of 29 for nonroof surfaces1.

References:

•LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Sustainable Sites Credit: Heat Island Reduction, page 1281

•Heat Island Reduction | U.S. Green Building Council2

Average number of occupants standing or seated

To identify the regularly occupied spaces on a project, the LEED consultant should consider the average number of occupants standing or seated in each space, as this is the criterion used by the LEED Reference Guide for Green Building Design and Construction, 20091.Regularly occupied spaces are defined as areas where workers are seated or standing as they work (or perform regular tasks) inside a building2.The typical duration of occupancy in each space per day is not necessarily relevant, as some spaces may be used intermittently but still qualify as regularly occupied2. The rate of outdoor air provided per person and the fire ratings of installed wall and ceiling assemblies are not related to the definition of regularly occupied spaces, but rather to other credits such as Indoor Environmental Quality or Fire and Life Safety.

The intent of the Water Efficiency Prerequisite, Outdoor Water Use Reduction is to reduce outdoor water consumption by either eliminating the need for irrigation or reducing the irrigation demand by at least 30% from the baseline. This prerequisite requires project teams to evaluate the project’s outdoor water budget and irrigation water demand using the EPA WaterSense Water Budget Tool ora local equivalent. This will help project teams to estimate and optimize water use in landscape designs by selecting appropriate plant species and irrigation system efficiency.

References: = LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Outdoor Water Use Reduction Credits in LEED v4, Part Two: LEED v4 BD+C Outdoor Water Reduction and Related Credits

The correct answer isA. Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Minimum Energy Performance. This is because:

• Increasing the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) would reduce the solar heat gain and the cooling load of the building, which are two of the main factors that affect the energy performance of a building12.
• The WWR is defined as the ratio of the area of windows to the area of external walls in a building3.The higher the WWR, the more natural light and ventilation can be achieved, which can improve the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and reduce the need for artificial lighting and mechanical systems4.
• The LEED AP BD+C V4 credit for IEQ requires that buildings have a minimum WWR of 15% for south-facing walls and 20% for north-facing walls5.However, this minimum WWR may not be sufficient to achieve optimal IEQ in hot regions, where high solar radiation and humidity levels create high cooling demand6. Therefore, increasing the WWR beyond these minimum values can help achieve better IEQ by reducing both solar heat gain and cooling load.
• The other prerequisites are not impacted by increasing the WWR.Building-level energy metering is a prerequisite that requires measuring and reporting energy use at individual building units or zones5.Fundamental refrigerant management is a prerequisite that requires ensuring proper handling, storage, use, recovery, and disposal of refrigerants used in cooling systems5.Fundamental commissioning and verification is a prerequisite that requires ensuring that all commissioning activities are documented and verified according to LEED standards5.

References:1: Window-to-wall Ratio and Energy Efficiency: Finding the Perfect Fit2: Impact of Window to Wall Ratio on Energy Loads in Hot Regions: A Study of Building Energy Performance3: Determination of Optimum Window to External Wall Ratio for Offices in a Tropical Climate4: Parametric Optimization of Window-to-Wall Ratio for Passive Buildings in Hot Regions5: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S.Green Building Council6: Effect of building shape, orientation, window to wall ratios and zones on energy efficiency and thermal comfort of naturally ventilated houses in tropical climate

This rating system is suitable for projects where the developer controls the design and construction of the entire core and shell base building, but has no control over the design and construction of the tenant fit-out. Since the building will have a data center and retail stores in the future, but these are not the primary function of the entire building, LEED BD+C: Core & Shell is more appropriate than LEED BD+C: Data Centers or LEED BD+C: Retail.

References: = LEED rating system selection guidance, LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, the Location and Transportation Credit, Access to Quality Transit has two options: Option 1. Transit-Served Location and Option 2. Transit Service Quality. Option 1 can earn 1 to 4 points depending on the percentage of functional entries within walking distance of transit stops or stations. Option 2 can earn 1 point if the project meets the minimum weekday and weekend headways for bus, streetcar, or informal transit stops, or rail stations or ferry terminals.The maximum number of points a project can achieve under this credit is 4 points by meeting both options1.References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Location and Transportation Credit, Access to Quality Transit, Requirements1

This option requires the project to include all parking spaces that are outside the project boundary but are used by the project occupants, visitors, or customers in the calculations for the reduced parking footprint credit1. This option ensures that the project accounts for the total parking demand and supply associated with the project, regardless of the location of the parking spaces2.

References: = [LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide], NC-v4 LTc7: Reduced parking footprint | LEEDuser.

LEED Building Design and Construction: Healthcare has additional appliance and process water requirements in Water Efficiency Prerequisite, Indoor Water Use Reduction

LEED Building Design and Construction: New Construction and LEED Building Design and Construction: Healthcare have the same Water Efficiency credits, except for the Cooling Tower Water Use credit, which is only applicable to the former. However, the Indoor Water Use Reduction prerequisite differs between the two rating systems, as the Healthcare version requires additional calculations for appliance and process water use, such as medical equipment, laundry, and kitchen equipment.

References:

• Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 – Pages 256-3171
• LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide - U.S.Green Building Council2

When using the Integrative Process, the best way for the LEED AP to assess the impact of indoor and outdoor water consumption in a Building Design and Construction projectis to perform a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design.This analysis should include the following steps1:

• Identify the project’s water sources and uses, such as potable water, reclaimed water, rainwater, graywater, blackwater, irrigation, cooling towers, etc.
• Estimate the baseline water consumption for each use based on the applicable codes, standards, and benchmarks.
• Identify potential water conservation strategies that can reduce the demand or increase the supply of water, such as low-flow fixtures, native landscaping, rainwater harvesting, graywater reuse, etc.
• Evaluate the feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits of each strategy using a life-cycle approach.
• Select the most appropriate strategies and document how they inform the design decisions and meet the project goals.
• Compare the projected water consumption with the baseline and calculate the percentage reduction.

Performing a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design allows the LEED AP to identify opportunities for water efficiency and innovation early in the design process. It also helps to optimize the integration of water systems with other building and site systems, such as energy, materials, indoor environmental quality, etc.Moreover, it supports the achievement of other LEED credits related to water efficiency, such as WE Prerequisite 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction, WE Prerequisite 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction, WE Credit 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction, WE Credit 2: Indoor Water Use Reduction, WE Credit 3: Cooling Tower Water Use2.

References:

• Understanding Integrative Design in LEED v41
• LEED v4 for Building Design and Construction2

The correct answer is B. Provide for at least 10% of all regular building occupants, with no less than five storage spaces per building.

According to the LEED v4.1 Bicycle Storage Requirements1, commercial projects must provide long-term bicycle storage for at least 10% of all regular building occupants, with no less than five storage spaces per building. Long-term bicycle storage is defined as secure, enclosed, and weather-protected spaces that are intended for use by occupants who make regular trips to the project building.Examples of long-term bicycle storage include lockers, cages, rooms, or dedicated areas within buildings1. The purpose of this requirement is to encourage the use of bicycles as a sustainable mode of transportation and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel consumption.

This option requires the project to increase the breathing zone outdoor airflow by at least 20% above the minimum rates required by ASHRAE 62.1-2010. Therefore, the minimum design zone outdoor airflow is 0.120 CFM/ft2 x 1.2 = 0.144 CFM/ft2.

References: = [LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide], [Indoor Environmental Quality Credit: Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies], [ASHRAE 62.1-2010 User’s Manual].

The Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR) is a document that defines the goals, expectations, and performance criteria of the project, as established by the owner or the owner’s representative1. The OPR is one of the key deliverables of the commissioning process and serves as the basis for the design, construction, and operation of the building systems. Therefore, the priority for the Commissioning Authority (CxA) to consider when the contractor substitutes a higher efficiency piece of equipment is whether the substitution meets or exceeds the OPR. The CxA should verify that the new equipment is compatible with the OPR and does not compromise the performance, functionality, or reliability of the system. The CxA should also communicate the substitution to the owner and the design team and document the change in the commissioning plan and report.

References:

• LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4
• The Role of a Commissioning Agent (CxA) - cxplanner.com
• Commissioning Authority | WBDG - Whole Building Design Guide
• General Commissioning Requirements - Northwestern University

This strategy would qualify as an innovation credit because it is not addressed in the LEED green building rating system, and it achieves significant, measurable environmental performance by educating the students and the community about the benefits of green building. The project team would need to identify the intent, requirements, submittals, and design approach of this strategy in the Basis of Design document1. This strategy is also listed as an example of innovation in the LEED Innovation Catalog2.

References: = NC-v4.1 INc1: Innovation | LEEDuser, LEED credit library | U.S. Green Building Council

Installing a bioretention area is an example of a low-impact development (LID) practice that can reduce runoff volume and improve water quality by replicating the natural hydrology and water balance of the site.This approach will contribute to maintaining compliance with Sustainable Sites Credit, Rainwater Management, which requires designing the site to retain the runoff from the developed site for at least the 80th percentile of rainfall events1.References:

• Credit: Rainwater management | U.S. Green Building Council
• Achieving SSc Rainwater Management in LEED v4.1

Source control is one of the control measures recommended by the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National Contractors Association (SMACNA) for the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit, Construction Indoor Air Quality Management Plan. Source control means minimizing the generation and emission of indoor air pollutants from the construction activities and materials. Some examples of source control are1:

•Using low-emitting adhesives, sealants, paints, coatings, and flooring systems that comply with the VOC limits of the applicable LEED credit.

•Storing absorptive materials in a protected area and covering them with plastic sheeting to prevent moisture and mold growth.

•Scheduling the installation of finish materials after the completion of wet and dusty work, such as concrete pouring, drywall sanding, and painting.

•Isolating work areas where high levels of contaminants are generated or used, such as welding, cutting, grinding, and solvent cleaning, and providing adequate ventilation and exhaust.

•Prohibiting smoking, eating, and drinking in the work areas, and providing designated areas for these activities.

References:

•Construction indoor air quality management plan | U.S. Green Building Council1

This option requires the project team to use the same building operating schedule and occupancy hours for both the baseline building and the proposed building in the whole building simulation model1. This option ensures that the energy savings are calculated based on the same level of building activity and occupancy, which are major factors that affect the energy performance of a building2.

References: = LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, [Whole Building Energy Simulation - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics].

Exemplary performance credits are one of the options to earn innovation points under the LEED v4.1 rating system. They are typically awarded for achieving double the credit requirements or the next incremental percentage threshold of an existing LEED v4.1 prerequisite or credit that allows exemplary performance. For example, to earn an exemplary performance point for the Energy and Atmosphere credit Optimize Energy Performance, the project must demonstrate a percentage improvement in the proposed building performance rating compared to the baseline building performance rating per ASHRAE 90.1-2010 by at least 12 percentage points for new construction, or by at least 16 percentage points for major renovations.

References: = NC-v4.1 INc1: Innovation | LEEDuser, Guide to Exemplary Performance Credits in LEED-NC v4 | LEEDuser

The Materials and Resources Credit, Building Product Disclosure and Optimization, Material Ingredients, Option 2. Material Ingredient Optimization & Innovation Credit, Innovation, Exemplary Performance can be achieved if the total cost of permanently installed products are 25% cradle-to-cradle V3 Gold and 25% GreenScreen List Translator.This is because these certifications indicate that the materials used in the project have been assessed for their environmental and health impacts, contributing to the achievement of these credits.References: LEED AP Building Design + Construction (LEED AP BD+C) V4 resources1

The Location and Transportation Credit, Green Vehicles aims to reduce transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions by promoting the use of low-emitting, fuel-efficient, and alternative-fuel vehicles1. One of the requirements for this credit is to provide preferred parking for green vehicles for 5% of the total vehicle parking capacity of the project1. Preferred parking is defined as parking that is clearly marked and located in the most convenient spaces available to the driver or nearest to the main entrance of the project2. In addition to providing preferred parking, the project may also offer one or more incentives to encourage the use of green vehicles, such as a discounted parking rate, free parking passes, or rebates for parking fees3. The question asks what incentive may be provided to meet the requirements and highlight the project sustainable vehicle strategy. The correct answer is C. A permanent discounted parking rate of at least 20% for all green vehicles, because this incentive meets the minimum threshold of 20% discount suggested by the LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction3, and it also demonstrates the project’s commitment to supporting green vehicles in the long term. The other options are either not sufficient or not relevant for this credit. Option A. Three years of free parking for green vehicles is not sufficient because it is not permanent and may not be attractive enough for drivers to switch to green vehicles. Option B. Preferred parking decals for 5% of occupants utilizing carpool vehicles is not relevant because it does not address green vehicles, but rather carpool vehicles, which are covered by a different credit (Location and Transportation Credit, Reduced Parking Footprint)4. Option D. An annual maintenance voucher for at least 5% of occupants driving green vehicles is not sufficient because it is not directly related to parking and may not be a significant incentive for drivers.

References:

• Green Vehicles
• Green Vehicles - Canada Green Building Council
• [LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4], page 544
• Reduced Parking Footprint

Light Emitting Diode (LED) is an energy efficient lamp type that is free from mercury. Mercury is a toxic metal that can pose health and environmental risks when released from broken or discarded lamps.LED lamps do not contain mercury or other hazardous substances, and they also have longer lifespans and lower energy consumption than other lamp types12.References:No mercury Lights | LEEDuser;LED Lighting

The Integrative Process Credit is a credit in LEED Building Design and Construction that supports high-performance, cost-effective project outcomes through an early analysis of the interrelationships among systems1. The credit requires project teams to perform analyses for both energy- and water-related systems before completing the schematic design, and to use the findings to inform the owner’s project requirements, basis of design, and design and construction documents1. The example given in the question is an illustration of how selecting a paint color with a higher light reflectance value can reduce the energy use and cost of lighting fixtures, which is an energy-related system. This strategy shows how the project team applied an integrative process to evaluate the impacts of different design options on the building performance and environmental benefits. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Integrative Process Credit.

References:

• Integrative Process

The rail line station construction completion date is needed when determining whether the rail line station can contribute to Location and Transportation Credit, Access to Quality Transit. This is because the credit requires that the transit service must be existing or planned to be in operation within two years of the project’s occupancy1. Discounted rail pass availability, connections to transfer routes, and passenger capacity are not relevant for this credit1.

References:

•Access to quality transit, p. 1

During preliminary energy analysis, massing and orientation are energy reduction strategies that can best help in reducing the energy load in the new building construction project. Massing and orientation refer to the shape, size, and direction of the building, which affect the amount of solar heat gain, daylight, and natural ventilation that the building receives. By analyzing the massing and orientation of the building, the project team can optimize the design to minimize the heating, cooling, and lighting energy demand, and enhance the thermal comfort and indoor environmental quality of the building. The LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction states that "the project team should use the results of the analysis to inform the owner’s project requirements, basis of design, and design documents"1. The other options, such as green roof, site conditions, and programmatic and operational parameters, are not energy reduction strategies, but factors that influence the energy performance and demand of the building.

References:

•LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction, Integrative Process Credit: Integrative Process, page 811

•Integrative Process Worksheet2

According to the Integrative Process Credit, Integrative Process, the goal-setting workshop should identify targeted LEED credits. This is because the goal-setting workshop is a meeting that involves the project owner and key project team members to establish the project’s sustainability goals, design objectives, and performance targets. One of the outcomes of the workshop is to identify the LEED credits that are relevant and achievable for the project, based on the project scope, budget, schedule, and site conditions. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. The other options are not the objectives of the goal-setting workshop. Potential project sites (option A) are usually determined before the goal-setting workshop, as they affect the project’s feasibility and design. Expected water demand (option C) and expected energy demand (option D) are not identified in the goal-setting workshop, but rather in the preliminary water budget and the preliminary energy modeling, which are part of the analysis phase that follows the goal-setting workshop.For more information on the Integrative Process Credit, Integrative Process, you can refer to the LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction1or the Projectific blog post on LEED Integrative Process Credit Explained2.

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, the 40/60 rule provides guidance for making a decision when several rating systems appear to be appropriate for a project. To use this rule, first assign a rating system to each square foot or square meter of the building, and then choose the most appropriate rating system based on the resulting percentages. The entire gross floor area of a LEED project must be certified under a single rating system and is subject to all prerequisites and attempted credits in that rating system, regardless of mixed construction or space usage type. If a rating system is appropriate for less than 40% of the gross floor area of a LEED project building or space, then that rating system should not be used. If a rating system is appropriate for more than 60% of the gross floor area of a LEED project building or space, then that rating system should be used.If an appropriate rating system falls between 40% and 60% of the gross floor area, project teams must independently assess their situation and decide which rating system is most applicable1.References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, LEED Rating System Selection Guidance1

Minimum Energy Performance

A project’s massing and site orientation can have a direct impact on the minimum energy performance prerequisite, which requires projects to demonstrate a percentage of energy cost savings compared to a baseline building. Massing and orientation affect the amount of solar heat gain, daylight availability, natural ventilation potential, and wind exposure of the building, which in turn influence the heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation loads and strategies. By optimizing the massing and orientation of the building, projects can reduce their energy consumption and improve their thermal and visual comfort.

References:

• Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction v4 – Pages 279-2801
• Building Massing & Orientation | Sustainability Workshop2

According to the LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, the Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Fundamental Commissioning and Verification, requires the project to hire a Commissioning Authority (CxA) to oversee the commissioning process for the mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and renewable energy systems and assemblies. The CxA must have documented commissioning authority experience in at least two building projects, and must not be an employee of the design or construction firms, although they may be contracted through them.The CxA must report the results, findings, and recommendations directly to the owner1.

One of the required responsibilities for the CxA to achieve the prerequisite is to verify installation and performance of the commissioned systems.This includes conducting siteobservations and spot-checking of equipment installation, performing functional performance testing of the systems, verifying system performance by reviewing testing and balancing reports, and preparing a summary commissioning report of the activities and results1.

The other choices are not required responsibilities for the CxA to achieve the prerequisite, but they are additional responsibilities for the CxA to achieve the Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Enhanced Commissioning, which goes beyond the prerequisite by including more systems, more verification activities, and more documentation.These additional responsibilities are2:

• Verify that training requirements are completed. This includes reviewing training plans, agendas, and materials, and verifying that the training delivery and documentation are completed and consistent with the owner’s project requirements (OPR).
• Develop systems manual for the commissioned systems. This includes compiling and reviewing the systems manual that provides the necessary information for operating and maintaining the commissioned systems.
• Review contractor submittals for the commissioned systems. This includes reviewing the design intent and basis of design documentation, and providing feedback on the contractor submittals related to the commissioned systems, such as shop drawings, product data, and samples.

References: LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite, Fundamental Commissioning and Verification, Requirements1; LEED v4: Building Design + Construction Guide, Energy and Atmosphere Credit, Enhanced Commissioning, Requirements2