PCCSE Sample Questions Answers

In Prisma Cloud, to automatically enable all severity levels for alerts, a user would need to navigate to the Policies section, then to Settings. Within this area, there is an option for "auto-enable default policies," which, when checked for all severity levels, ensures that any default policies related to those severities are automatically activated. This is a configuration setting that streamlines the alerting process by ensuring that all relevant severity levels are covered by the default policies without the need for manual intervention.

To receive notifications about alerts generated when the operator is away from the Prisma Cloud Console, a Notification rule must be created. Notification rules in Prisma Cloud are designed to define the conditions under which notifications are sent and to specify the recipients of these notifications. These rules can be configured to trigger notifications based on various criteria, such as the severity of alerts, specific types of security incidents, or compliance violations. By setting up notification rules, operators can ensure that they are promptly informed of critical security events, even when they are not actively monitoring the Prisma Cloud Console, enabling timely investigation and response to potential security issues.

In Prisma Cloud Compute, the scope of each rule within the host runtime policy is determined by the collection assigned to that rule. Collections in Prisma Cloud are logical groupings of resources, such as hosts, containers, or cloud accounts, that share common attributes or security requirements. By associating a rule with a specific collection, administrators can precisely define the context and applicability of the rule, ensuring that the runtime protection mechanisms are accurately targeted and effective. This approach enables granular control over security policies, allowing for tailored security measures that reflect the unique characteristics and needs of different resource groups within the multicloud environment.

Following best practices, the Security Operations Center (SOC) should enable a policy that checks for publicly accessible AWS RDS database instances and then manually remediate each instance confirmed to be part of the production environment. This approach ensures that only those resources that should not be publicly accessible are modified, avoiding unintended access restrictions on non-production instances.

Prisma Cloud, a comprehensive cloud security solution by Palo Alto Networks, is designed to provide extensive monitoring and auditing capabilities across cloud environments. To facilitate real-time alerting and integration with external monitoring and management systems, Prisma Cloud supports sending audit event records to various targets. SNMP Traps, Prometheus, and Syslog are among the supported targets. SNMP Traps allow for the integration with network management systems, enabling real-time alerts for network administrators. Prometheus, a popular open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, is widely used for its powerful querying language and visualization capabilities, making it an ideal target for Prisma Cloud's detailed security metrics. Syslog support ensures compatibility with a broad range of logging and security information and event management (SIEM) systems, allowing organizations to centralize and analyze security alerts within their existing infrastructure. These integrations are crucial for ensuring that security teams can respond promptly to potential threats and maintain compliance across their cloud environments.

In the context of DoS protection, enforcing a rate limit is a common strategy to prevent abuse and ensure service availability. The scenario described involves limiting the rate at which users can post ".tar.gz" files to five within five seconds. The correct ban configuration for this requirement would be one that specifies an average rate of 5 with a file extension match on “.tar.gz" within the Web Application and API Security (WAAS) component of a security solution like Prisma Cloud. WAAS is designed to protect web applications and APIs from various threats, including DoS attacks, by applying policies that can limit actions based on specific criteria, such as file types and request rates. This configuration ensures that any attempt to upload more than five ".tar.gz" files within a five-second window would be detected and blocked, mitigating the risk of DoS attacks targeting this particular file upload functionality.

The given admission control policy is designed to evaluate pod creation requests in a Kubernetes environment, specifically targeting the creation of privileged pods, which can pose significant security risks.

• Option D: The policy will block the creation of a privileged pod is the correct answer when the effect of the policy is set to “block”. In this context, the policy's logic checks if a pod being created is set to run in privileged mode (a high-risk configuration that grants the pod extended system privileges). If such a configuration is detected, the policy triggers an action to block the pod's creation, thereby preventing the deployment of privileged pods that could undermine the security posture of the Kubernetes environment.

References:

• Kubernetes Admission Controllers Documentation: Provides a comprehensive overview of admission controllers in Kubernetes, including how they can be used to enforce policy decisions, such as preventing the creation of privileged pods.
• Best Practices for Kubernetes Security: Discusses the importance of admission control policies in maintaining the security and integrity of Kubernetes environments, with specific emphasis on the risks associated with privileged pods.

To detect and alert on cryptominer network activity, the policy type that should be used is an Anomaly policy. Anomaly policies in Prisma Cloud are designed to identify unusual and potentially malicious activities, including the network patterns typical of cryptomining operations. These policies leverage behavioral analytics to spot deviations from normal operations, making Option B the correct answer.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-data-security.html

In the Data Security module of Prisma Cloud, the classifications available focus on the types of sensitive data that need protection. These classifications include Personally Identifiable Information (PII), which involves data that can be used on its own or with other information to identify, contact, or locate a single person. Compliance standards pertain to data that must be protected to meet specific regulatory requirements, such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI-DSS. Financial information classification is concerned with data related to financial transactions, accounts, and credit card numbers, which are critical to secure due to their sensitive nature. These classifications are integral to data security strategies, ensuring that sensitive information is adequately protected according to its nature and the regulatory requirements governing it.

While agentless scanning in Prisma Cloud can effectively assess various risks in cloud environments, including host compliance and vulnerabilities, it does not extend to container runtime risks. To inspect risks associated with container runtimes, such as real-time threat detection, behavioral monitoring, and deep visibility into container activity, deploying Prisma Cloud Defenders is necessary. These Defenders are lightweight agents that provide an additional layer of security by monitoring containerized applications in real-time, thereby offering comprehensive protection against threats that may arise during the runtime phase of containers.

In Prisma Cloud, assigning an administrative user to an account group is a way to implement the principle of least privilege by restricting the user's access to a specific subset of resources and data. Account groups are logical collections of cloud accounts, and by associating an administrative user with a particular account group, their access is limited to only those resources and data associated with the cloud accounts within that group. This mechanism ensures that users have access only to the information and resources necessary for their role or tasks, enhancing security by minimizing the potential for unauthorized access or actions within the cloud environment.

In Prisma Cloud, the capability to scan serverless functions, such as AWS Lambda functions, for vulnerabilities is an integral part of ensuring cloud security posture management (CSPM) and compliance. Specifically, option C is correct because Prisma Cloud provides a dedicated section for defining policies related to serverless function vulnerabilities under the "Defend > Vulnerabilities > Functions" page. This feature allows administrators to create and manage policies that automatically scan serverless functions for known vulnerabilities, ensuring that the functions comply with the organization's security standards before they are deployed. This approach aligns with Prisma Cloud's comprehensive security model that covers various aspects of cloud security, including serverless functions, as outlined in the "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools" document​​

The correct Resource Query Language (RQL) query to detect high-risk activities executed by a root user in AWS is the one that specifies cloud audit logs as the data source and filters events based on operations that are indicative of high-risk activities. The query should include operations like 'ChangePassword', 'ConsoleLogin', 'DeactivateMFADevice', 'DeleteAccessKey', and 'DeleteAlarms', which are typically sensitive and should be monitored closely when performed by a root user, due to the elevated privileges associated with this account. The query filters for events where the user is 'root', ensuring that only activities executed by this highly privileged user are returned in the results.

To deploy a single container Defender on an EC2 node in Prisma Cloud Enterprise, the correct steps involve pulling the Defender image to the EC2 node, executing the provided curl | bash script to install the Defender, and then starting the Defender to ensure it is actively running. This process allows the Defender to integrate with the Prisma Cloud platform and provide real-time monitoring and protection for the EC2 instance it is deployed on, aligning with Prisma Cloud's approach to extending security coverage to individual cloud resources​​.

Reference tech docs: https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/continuous_integration/set_policy_ci_plugins.html

Vulnerability rules that target the build tool can allow specific vulnerabilities by creating an exception and setting the effect to 'ignore'. Block them by creating an exception and setting hte effect to 'fail'. For example, you could create a vulnerability rule that explicitly allows CVE-2018-1234 to suppress warnings in the scan results.

To fail CI jobs based on a specific CVE contained within an image, the development team should configure the policy within Prisma Cloud's Console, specifically within the Continuous Integration (CI) policy settings. By setting a specific CVE exception in the CI policy, the team can define criteria that will cause the CI process to fail if the specified CVE is detected in the scanned image. This approach allows for granular control over the build process, ensuring that images with known vulnerabilities are not promoted through the CI/CD pipeline, thereby maintaining the security posture of the deployed applications. This method is in line with best practices for integrating security into the CI/CD process, allowing for automated enforcement of security standards directly within the development pipeline.

In scenarios where a backup is created manually before upgrading a self-hosted console, it is crucial to restore the system using the backup that matches the version of the Prisma Cloud Self-Hosted Console from which it was taken. This ensures compatibility and integrity of the data and configurations. Using a backup with a different version of the console may lead to inconsistencies or loss of information due to potential changes in the software's data structures or features between versions. Therefore, to ensure a successful restoration, the backup must be applied to the same version of the Prisma Cloud Self-Hosted Console that it was created from.

By default, Prisma Cloud's vulnerability policy is configured to alert on all detected vulnerabilities across containers and images, without filtering based on the severity of the vulnerabilities. This default setting ensures that administrators are made aware of all potential security issues, providing them with comprehensive visibility into the security posture of their environment. Administrators can then assess and prioritize these vulnerabilities based on their context, severity, and impact on the organization's assets​​.

Prisma Cloud's API documentation and extensive developer resources are primarily hosted on prisma.pan.dev, which is Palo Alto Networks' developer portal. This site offers comprehensive guides, API references, and resources for developers to integrate, automate, and extend the capabilities of Prisma Cloud within their applications and workflows. While docs.paloaltonetworks.com provides official product documentation, and Prisma Cloud Administrator’s Guide offers in-depth administrative guidance, prisma.pan.dev is specifically designed to serve as the hub for API documentation and developer resources. The Live Community is another valuable resource for peer support and discussions but is not the primary source for API documentation.

To add AWS accounts to the Prisma Cloud Enterprise tenant, the correct API endpoint is option C: https://api.prismacloud.io/cloud/aws. This endpoint is specifically designed for integrating cloud accounts with Prisma Cloud, enabling centralized visibility and security posture management across multiple cloud environments. By using this API endpoint, each AWS account can be individually onboarded to the Prisma Cloud platform, allowing for immediate posture visibility and consistent security policy enforcement across the newly acquired company's extensive AWS footprint. This process aligns with Prisma Cloud's capabilities for multi-cloud security and compliance management, ensuring that the onboarding of cloud accounts is both efficient and aligned with the platform's best practices for cloud security.

When creating a vulnerability policy for continuous integration within Prisma Cloud, the scope of the policy can include specific resources that are critical to the CI/CD pipeline, such as images and containers. These resources are central to the development and deployment processes in containerized environments. By focusing on images and containers, the policy can effectively identify and address vulnerabilities that might be present in container images before they are deployed or in running containers, thereby enhancing the security of the continuous integration and deployment pipeline. This approach ensures that only secure, compliant container images are used in production, reducing the risk of vulnerabilities being exploited.

When configuring a Prisma Cloud build policy specifically for Terraform, the type of query necessary is Terraform. Terraform is an infrastructure as code (IaC) tool that allows users to define and provision cloud infrastructure using a declarative configuration language. Prisma Cloud can analyze Terraform templates to identify potential security risks and misconfigurations before the infrastructure is provisioned, aligning with the best practices for integrating security into the application development pipeline and ensuring secure cloud configurations from the start​​.

The audit trail section of an asset's detail view in Prisma Cloud typically includes a log of configuration changes and alert and vulnerability events associated with the asset. These elements are crucial for tracking the history of modifications to an asset's configuration and the security incidents that have affected it. This information is instrumental in understanding the security posture of the asset over time and in conducting thorough investigations after a security event has been detected.

When the Console is unreachable during upgrades, Defenders continue to alert and enforce using the policies and settings most recently cached before the upgrade (option D). This behavior ensures that security enforcement remains active and consistent, even when the central management console is temporarily unavailable. The cached policies enable Defenders to maintain the security posture based on the last known configuration, ensuring continuous protection against threats and compliance with established security policies. This approach reflects Prisma Cloud's design principle of ensuring uninterrupted security enforcement, thereby safeguarding the environment against potential vulnerabilities during maintenance periods.

To detect and alert on activities performed by a root account, an audit event policy should be used. An audit event policy is a type of policy that can be used to detect suspicious activities or events that may be related to security threats. This type of policy will allow the administrator to monitor and alert on any activities performed by a root account.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin/prisma-cloud-policies/prisma-cloud-threat-detection

The correct policy type to use in order to detect and alert on any activities performed by a root account is an "audit event" policy. An audit event policy is designed to monitor and record a series of chronological events in the order they occur, typically used to track user activities and changes within the system. When a root account performs any actions, an audit event policy will log these events, allowing the administrator to review and potentially set up alerts if suspicious or unauthorized activities are detected. This type of policy is crucial for security and compliance purposes as it helps ensure that all actions performed with root privileges are legitimate and authorized.

Reference to this can be found in most cloud security platforms that offer CSPM (Cloud Security Posture Management) solutions. For example, within Prisma Cloud by Palo Alto Networks, audit events are a part of the Activity Monitoring features, which track user activities and system changes to facilitate investigations into suspicious or unauthorized actions.

Prisma Cloud allows external notifications for policy violations to integrate with various third-party services and internal communication channels. Among the options, Splunk and Email are two services that can be configured to receive notifications about policy violations. Splunk, a software platform for searching, analyzing, and visualizing machine-generated data, can be integrated with Prisma Cloud to provide real-time security insights. Email notifications serve as a direct and accessible method to inform stakeholders about potential security issues, ensuring prompt attention and action.

Prisma Cloud supports different scanning modes for its agentless scanning feature. Based on the context of cloud environments and typical terminology used in Prisma Cloud documentation, "Spoke Account Mode" and "Hub Account Mode" are plausible modes supported for agentless scanning. These modes allow for the extension of scanning capabilities across multiple accounts, with 'Spoke' typically referring to linked accounts and 'Hub' referring to the central account in a hub-and-spoke architecture. Hence, the correct answers are A and B.

Prisma Cloud Compute offers native integration capabilities with Splunk, a leading platform for operational intelligence and security information and event management (SIEM). By enabling the Splunk option within the Prisma Cloud Console, administrators can seamlessly forward Console and Defender logs to Splunk. This integration facilitates advanced analytics, real-time monitoring, and comprehensive incident response workflows within Splunk, leveraging the detailed security data provided by Prisma Cloud Compute​​.

In Prisma Cloud, roles with access to view policies include Auditor and Dev SecOps. The Auditor role is typically focused on compliance and oversight, allowing users to review configurations, policies, and compliance status without making changes. The Dev SecOps role bridges the gap between development, security, and operations, focusing on integrating security practices within the CI/CD pipeline. Both roles require access to Prisma Cloud policies to perform their functions effectively, ensuring that security and compliance are maintained throughout the cloud environment and application lifecycle.

The installation of the Prisma Cloud Console in a Kubernetes cluster involves a series of steps that start with preparing the necessary deployment configurations, typically provided as YAML files. The process begins by downloading and extracting the release tarball, which contains the necessary files and instructions for the deployment. After extracting the tarball, you generate YAML files for the Console deployment. These YAML files define the Kubernetes resources needed to deploy and run the Console, such as Deployments, Services, and ConfigMaps. Finally, you deploy the Console by applying the generated YAML files using the kubectl command, which communicates with the Kubernetes API to create the specified resources in your cluster.

This process is aligned with Kubernetes best practices for deploying applications and is indicative of the steps required for deploying complex applications like the Prisma Cloud Console. The method ensures that all necessary configurations and dependencies are correctly defined and deployed in the Kubernetes environment.

A true statement about build and run policies is A. Build policies enable you to check for security misconfigurations in the IaC templates. This capability is crucial for identifying potential security issues early in the development process, allowing for proactive mitigation before deployment, thereby enhancing the overall security posture of the applications and infrastructure being developed.

• Create SNS Topic Triggers: No data security scan
• Select an S3 bucket: Forward Scan only
• Select an S3 bucket with existing files: Forward or Backward Scan
• Link an S3 logging to CloudTrail: Backward Scan only

The scanning mode for Data Security in AWS typically depends on the configuration and the desired outcomes for monitoring and protecting data within S3 buckets.

Creating SNS Topic Triggers is a configuration step that does not directly involve scanning. It is part of setting up notifications for events in S3 buckets, but on its own, it does not initiate a data security scan.

Selecting an S3 bucket without specifying existing files typically implies that you intend to scan new objects as they are added to the bucket, which is known as a Forward Scan. This mode is proactive and scans files upon their arrival in the bucket.

When you select an S3 bucket with existing files, you can perform either Forward Scanning for new files or Backward Scanning to scan all existing files in the bucket. This option provides the most comprehensive scanning coverage for both new and existing data.

Linking an S3 logging to CloudTrail is usually a step taken to monitor access and changes to S3 resources. In the context of scanning, linking S3 to CloudTrail does not initiate a scan, but the CloudTrail logs can be used to trigger a Backward Scan if configured to do so, which scans historical files in the bucket based on CloudTrail events.

The Adoption Advisor uses four categories to measure adoption progress for Cloud Security Posture Management: Visibility, Compliance, Governance, and Threat Detection and Response. Visibility helps to identify the resources in the environment and to ensure that security controls are in place. Compliance helps to ensure that the environment is meeting regulatory and industry standards. Governance helps to ensure that the environment is secure and managed according to policy. Threat Detection and Response helps to detect and respond to threats quickly and effectively.

The Adoption Advisor in Prisma Cloud uses categories such as Visibility, Compliance, Governance, and Threat Detection and Response to measure adoption progress for Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM). These categories represent key areas of focus for effectively managing and securing cloud environments. Visibility refers to the ability to see and understand all cloud resources and their configurations. Compliance involves ensuring that cloud resources comply with regulatory standards and best practices. Governance encompasses the policies and procedures that control cloud resource usage and security. Threat Detection and Response involves identifying and mitigating security threats to the cloud environment. By measuring adoption progress across these categories, organizations can assess how well they are utilizing CSPM capabilities to secure their cloud environments.

For a runtime audit generated for a host with a message indicating a service attempting to obtain capability by executing a script, the root cause for this runtime audit is most likely related to D. Default rule that alerts on suspicious runtime behavior. This default rule is designed to flag unusual or potentially harmful activities that could indicate a security risk, prompting further investigation.

Managing Defender upgrades in a Prisma Cloud environment requires careful planning, especially in scenarios where not all Defenders can be upgraded simultaneously due to maintenance window constraints.

• Option C: Upgrade a subset of the Defenders by clicking the individual Actions > Upgrade button in the row that corresponds to the Defender that should be upgraded during the maintenance window is the recommended approach in this situation. This option allows administrators to manually select specific Defenders for upgrade within the available maintenance window, providing control over the upgrade process and ensuring that upgrades are aligned with operational requirements and maintenance schedules.

References:

• Prisma Cloud Defender Management Documentation: Details the procedures for managing and upgrading Prisma Cloud Defenders, including manual upgrade processes for individual Defenders.
• Best Practices for Managing Defender Upgrades: Offers guidelines on effectively planning and executing Defender upgrades, emphasizing the importance of aligning upgrade activities with maintenance windows to minimize disruption to the development environment.

The twistcli tool, part of Prisma Cloud's suite of security tools, supports various platforms for security scanning and configuration. The correct platforms supported by twistcli include:

• A. Linux: twistcli is widely used on Linux platforms for scanning container images, host vulnerabilities, and more, making it a correct choice.
• B. Windows: twistcli supports Windows, allowing users to perform security scans and checks on Windows-based systems, making it a correct choice.
• D. MacOS: twistcli is also compatible with MacOS, enabling security operations on Apple's operating system, making it a correct choice. Option C (Android) and E (Solaris) are not supported platforms for the twistcli tool, according to the available documentation on Prisma Cloud.

Adoption Advisor is a feature within Prisma Cloud that provides organizations with guidance on adopting various security capabilities based on their unique needs and the stage they are at in their cloud security journey. It doesn't enforce a fixed pace but rather suggests a tailored path for enhancing security posture, taking into account the organization's specific requirements and the complexity of their cloud environment. The Adoption Advisor supports a broad range of security capabilities, encompassing Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM), Cloud Workload Protection (CWP), Cloud Code Security (CCS), Out-of-Band (OEM), and Data Security. This comprehensive approach ensures that organizations can secure their cloud environments effectively across different phases of the application lifecycle, from development to deployment, and across various cloud resources and services.

When you have one or more tenant or scale Projects, upgrade all Supervisors before upgrading the Central Console. https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/20-09/prisma-cloud-compute-edition-admin/upgrade/upgrade_process

To retrieve compliance policies for images scanned in a continuous integration (CI) pipeline via Prisma Cloud's API, the correct endpoint to use is GET /api/v22.01/policies/compliance (A). This endpoint provides access to the comprehensive list of compliance policies defined within Prisma Cloud, including those applicable to images in the CI pipeline. It allows administrators to programmatically retrieve and review the policies to ensure that images meet the organization's compliance standards before they are deployed. The other options (B, C, D) specify endpoints that do not match the standard API endpoint format used by Prisma Cloud for accessing compliance policies, making them incorrect.

The Prisma Cloud Compute Edition is identified as B. Downloadable, self-hosted software. This option indicates that Prisma Cloud Compute Edition is a solution that organizations can deploy within their own infrastructure, providing them with control over the installation, configuration, and management of the security platform.

In Prisma Cloud, the "Monitor > Compliance" menu is the centralized location where administrators can verify the status of custom compliance checks, along with predefined compliance standards and frameworks. This section provides a comprehensive view of the organization's compliance posture, displaying whether specific compliance checks are passing or failing. It allows for detailed insights into compliance status across cloud environments, helping administrators identify areas of non-compliance, understand the reasons behind compliance failures, and take corrective actions to address any identified issues.

Within Prisma Cloud's Resource Query Language (RQL), the "Incident" query type is invalid because RQL is designed to query configuration and posture information of cloud resources, not incident data. The valid RQL query types include "Config" for querying resource configurations, "Network" for querying network-related information, "IAM" for querying identity and access management configurations, and "Event" for querying audit events. The focus on resource configurations and audit events aligns with Prisma Cloud's capabilities in cloud security posture management (CSPM) and cloud workload protection platform (CWPP), providing insights into resource configurations, compliance, and network traffic​​.Top of Form

Bottom of Form

Outbound notifications in Prisma Cloud refer to the integration with external systems or services for the purpose of alerting or incident management.

• Option D: PagerDuty is an example of an outbound notification within Prisma Cloud. PagerDuty is a popular incident response and alerting service that teams use to manage, track, and respond to incidents in real-time. Prisma Cloud's integration with PagerDuty allows organizations to automatically forward alerts from Prisma Cloud to PagerDuty, enabling streamlined incident management and response workflows.

References:

• Prisma Cloud Integration Documentation: Provides instructions for integrating Prisma Cloud with various external services, including PagerDuty, to enhance alerting and incident management capabilities.
• Incident Management Best Practices: Discusses strategies for effective incident management, highlighting the role of integrations with external alerting services like PagerDuty in improving response times and incident resolution.

In the Anomaly settings of a cloud security platform, choosing a High alert disposition severity is crucial when the objective is to generate alerts for both low and high severity incidents, especially in scenarios such as reporting unknown browsers and OS, impossible time travel, or account hijacking attempts. Setting the alert severity to High ensures that the security team is promptly notified of both overt and subtle anomalies, enabling quick response to potential security threats that may indicate unauthorized access or suspicious activities within the cloud environment.

To create a custom Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy that alerts on Lambda functions with permissions to terminate EC2 instances, the correct RQL query structure involves specifying the source service (Lambda), the destination service (EC2), and the specific action of interest ('ec2:TerminateInstances'). The query should identify configurations where a Lambda function ('source.cloud.service.name = 'lambda' and 'source.cloud.resource.type = 'function') has been granted permissions that allow it to perform the 'ec2:TerminateInstances' action on EC2 instances ('dest.cloud.service.name = 'ec2'). This query helps in identifying and mitigating potential risks associated with overly permissive functions that could inadvertently or maliciously impact the availability of EC2 resources.

In Prisma Cloud, custom policies allow administrators to define specific security and compliance rules tailored to their organization's needs. When adding CLI (Command Line Interface) remediation commands to a custom policy, Prisma Cloud limits the number of commands to ensure manageability and effectiveness of the remediations. Each custom policy can include one CLI remediation command (B). This limitation helps maintain the simplicity and focus of each policy, ensuring that remediations are targeted and straightforward to implement. It prevents the policies from becoming overly complex, which could lead to potential conflicts or unintended consequences when executing multiple commands.

For scripting and programmatically querying user information and permissions within Prisma Cloud, the Prisma Cloud Compute API Reference is the most suitable resource. This API reference provides detailed information on the available endpoints, request formats, and response structures, specifically tailored for compute-related queries, including user and permission management within the Prisma Cloud Compute module. This resource is part of Prisma Cloud's comprehensive documentation that supports automation and integration with third-party systems, aligning with the platform's API-first approach to security management​​.

CloudFormation templates, used to describe and provision all the infrastructure resources in cloud environments, support various elements including resources, mappings, parameters, and outputs. However, scan support for CloudFormation templates does not currently exist for nested references, macros, or intrinsic functions (option A). These advanced CloudFormation features can introduce complexity in scanning and interpreting the templates accurately for security and compliance checks.

The Incident Explorer section in Runtime Defense of a cloud security platform like Prisma Cloud is designed to reflect various types of security incidents that might occur within a containerized environment. Incident types such as Crypto miners, Port Scanning, and SQL Injection are common threats that are actively monitored. Crypto miners indicate unauthorized cryptocurrency mining activities; Port Scanning involves scanning a computer network or a single machine for open ports, which could be a precursor to more serious attacks; and SQL Injection is a code injection technique that might be used to attack data-driven applications. These incident types are critical to monitor for maintaining the security and integrity of cloud and container environments.

For CI policy in image scanning with Jenkins or twistcli, options related to scoping include specifying credentials for accessing and scanning the images, setting conditions such as applying the rule only when vendor fixes are available to prioritize remediation efforts, and establishing failure thresholds to determine the severity levels that will cause the build to fail. These options focus on integrating security into the CI/CD pipeline, ensuring images are scanned for vulnerabilities, and enforcing security standards without hindering the development process. This approach aligns with best practices in DevSecOps by embedding security early in the development lifecycle, allowing for early detection and mitigation of vulnerabilities.

To restrict any container from resolving the name www.evil-url.com , the administrator should set www.evil-url.com as a blocklisted DNS name in the default Container policy and set the effect to prevent. This configuration in Prisma Cloud, or similar CSPM tools, ensures that any attempt to resolve the specified blocklisted DNS name within any container will be prevented, thus enhancing security by proactively blocking potential communication with known malicious domains.

Reference to this feature can be found in the documentation of CSPM tools that offer runtime protection for containers. These tools allow administrators to define security policies that can include DNS-based controls to prevent containers from accessing known malicious or undesirable URLs, thereby preventing potential data exfiltration, malware communication, or other security threats

In Prisma Cloud Compute Self-Hosted Edition, images can be retrieved by first authenticating with the Prisma Cloud registry and then pulling the images from the Prisma Cloud registry. This process ensures secure access to Prisma Cloud images, as authentication is required to access the registry. By using authentication, Prisma Cloud ensures that only authorized users can retrieve and deploy Prisma Cloud images, maintaining the security and integrity of the deployment.

For Prisma Cloud to execute auto-remediation commands, it requires write access to the cloud platform. This is because auto-remediation involves making changes to configurations or settings within the cloud environment to rectify security issues. Thus, the correct answer is B: Write access to the cloud platform.

Scanning serverless functions for vulnerabilities and compliance issues is a critical aspect of securing serverless architectures. Prisma Cloud provides a CLI tool, twistcli, which supports scanning serverless function packages.

• Option A: twistcli function scan is the correct command for scanning serverless functions. This command allows users to scan the serverless function package (typically a ZIP file) for vulnerabilities, compliance issues, and other security concerns before deployment. By incorporating this scanning step into the CI/CD pipeline, organizations can ensure that their serverless functions are secure and compliant with relevant policies and standards before they are deployed to production.

References:

• Prisma Cloud twistcli Documentation: Provides comprehensive usage instructions for the twistcli tool, including commands for scanning serverless functions, container images, and IaC templates.
• Serverless Security Best Practices: Discusses the unique security considerations for serverless architectures and the importance of pre-deployment scanning to identify and remediate potential security risks in serverless function code.

https://prisma.pan.dev/api/cloud/api-urls/

When accessing the Prisma Cloud API for a tenant located on app2.prismacloud.io, the correct API endpoint to use would be https://api2.prismacloud.io. This endpoint corresponds to the Prisma Cloud service instance hosted on app2.prismacloud.io, ensuring that API requests are directed to the correct instance of the service for processing.

The use of api2 in the URL indicates that this is the second instance or a different geographical or functional partition of the Prisma Cloud service, which might be used for load balancing, redundancy, or serving different sets of users. It is crucial to use the correct endpoint corresponding to the Prisma Cloud console URL to ensure successful API communication and authentication.

In Prisma Cloud, runtime rules are created to monitor and control the behavior of applications and services during their execution to ensure compliance with security policies. The three types of runtime rules that can be created in Prisma Cloud are:

• Processes: These rules monitor and control the execution of processes within the environment. They can be used to detect unauthorized or malicious processes and take actions such as alerting, blocking, or terminating the processes.
• Network-outgoing: These rules govern the outbound network connections from the applications or containers. They help in controlling access to external resources, preventing data exfiltration, and ensuring that the communication complies with the security policies.
• Filesystem: Filesystem rules are related to the access and modification of the file system by applications or containers. These rules can help in detecting unauthorized access, changes to sensitive files, and ensuring that the applications adhere to the least privilege principle in terms of file access.

These runtime rules are essential for maintaining the security and integrity of applications running in cloud environments, especially in dynamic and distributed architectures where traditional perimeter-based security controls may not be sufficient.

When configuring Single Sign-On (SSO) in Prisma Cloud, the platform acts as the Service Provider (SP). In the SSO process, the Service Provider relies on an Identity Provider (IdP) to authenticate users. Prisma Cloud, as the SP, integrates with an IdP to allow users to log in using their existing credentials managed by the IdP. This setup simplifies the authentication process, enhances security by centralizing user credentials, and provides a seamless user experience.

The correct RQL (Resource Query Language) that detected the vulnerability is:

config from cloud.resource where cloud.type = 'aws' and api.name = 'aws-iam-get-credential-report' AND json.rule = '(access_key_1_active is true and access_key_1_last_rotated != N/A and DateTime. ageInDays (access_key_1_last_rotated) > 90) or (access_key_2_active is true and access_key_2_last_rotated != N/A and _DateTime. ageInDays (access_key_2_last_rotated) > 90)'

This RQL is designed to check the age of the AWS IAM user's access keys to ensure that they are rotated within a recommended period, typically 90 days. If the access keys have not been rotated within this timeframe, it would be considered a security risk or vulnerability, as old keys may potentially be compromised. By enforcing access key rotation, it minimizes the risk of unauthorized access.

The reference for this type of policy check can be seen in cloud security best practices that advocate for regular rotation of access keys to minimize the potential impact of key compromise. CSPM tools like Prisma Cloud include such checks to automate compliance with these best practices.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/prisma-cloud-admin-compute/tools/twistcli_scan_images

To reduce the number of alerts generated by the "Unusual protocol activity (Internal)" network anomaly without entirely disabling the policy, setting the Alert Disposition to Conservative (option B) is the most effective strategy. This configuration adjusts the sensitivity of the anomaly detection, reducing the likelihood of false positives and minimizing alert fatigue without compromising the ability to detect genuine security threats. By adopting a more conservative approach to anomaly detection, the administrator can ensure that only the most significant and potentially harmful activities trigger alerts, thus maintaining a balance between security vigilance and operational efficiency.

In Kubernetes environments, deploying Defenders to protect nodes involves leveraging DaemonSets, which ensure that every node in the cluster runs a copy of a specific pod. When the Console is running within a Kubernetes cluster, it's essential to correctly reference the Console service to ensure seamless communication between Defenders and the Console. Option A is the most straightforward and Kubernetes-native method for deploying Defenders. By choosing "twistlock-console" as the Console identifier on the deployment page within the Console, users can generate a DaemonSet configuration file tailored for the Twistlock namespace. This approach ensures that the Defenders are correctly configured to communicate with the Console, providing comprehensive security coverage across the Kubernetes nodes. This method aligns with best practices for deploying security agents in Kubernetes and is supported by Prisma Cloud (formerly Twistlock) documentation, which provides step-by-step instructions for deploying Defenders using DaemonSets.

The runtime audit message indicating "DNS resolution of suspicious name wikipedia.com. type A" would appear as an audit because the DNS was not learned as part of the Container model or added to the DNS allow list (option A). In cloud security platforms like Prisma Cloud, runtime protection policies monitor the behavior of running containers and compare it against a learned model of expected behavior. If a container attempts to resolve a DNS name that was not observed during the learning phase or specifically allowed, it triggers an audit event to alert security teams of potentially malicious activity.

The correct construction for scanning a container image using the TwistCLI tool in Prisma Cloud is option B. This command specifies the address of the Prisma Cloud Console and the image to be scanned, including its tag. The TwistCLI tool is part of Prisma Cloud's capabilities to integrate security into the CI/CD pipeline, allowing for the scanning of images for vulnerabilities as part of the build process, thus ensuring that only secure images are deployed​​.

1. Post /Login 2. Get /report 3. Get report/id/download

To achieve automatic remediation for identity and access management (IAM) alerts in Azure cloud, the variables that must be modified include SB_QUEUE_KEY (Service Bus Queue Key) and YOUR_ACCOUNT_NUMBER. These variables are essential for configuring the connection and authentication to Azure Service Bus, which is used for messaging and communication within Azure services. By setting up these variables, Prisma Cloud can interact with Azure services to automate the remediation of IAM-related alerts, ensuring that access controls and permissions are correctly enforced to maintain a secure cloud environment.

Graphical user interface, text, application Description automatically generated

In the context of setting anomaly alert intensities in Prisma Cloud, an intensity setting of "Medium" could be used for the measurement of 100 events over 30 days. This setting indicates a moderate level of anomaly detection sensitivity, which is suitable for environments where there is a need to balance between detecting potential security issues and minimizing false positives.

The purpose of Incident Explorer in Prisma Cloud Compute under the "Monitor" section is to provide a comprehensive view of incidents by correlating individual events. This helps identify potential attacks through a sequence of processes, file system, and network events, thereby giving a complete picture of an incident's timeline and impact.

In the context of Kubernetes, an admission controller is a piece of code that intercepts requests to the Kubernetes API server before the persistence of the object, but after the request is authenticated and authorized. The admission controller lets you apply complex validation and policy controls to objects before they are created or updated.

The ValidatingWebhookConfiguration is a Kubernetes object that tells the API server to send an admission validation request to a service (the admission webhook) when a request to create, update, or delete a Kubernetes object matches the rules defined in the configuration. The webhook can then approve or deny the request based on custom logic.

The MutatingWebhookConfiguration is similar but is used to modify objects before they are created or updated, which is not the primary function of an admission controller acting in a protective or validating capacity.

DestinationRules are related to Istio service mesh and are not relevant to Kubernetes admission control.

PodSecurityPolicies (PSPs) are a type of admission controller in Kubernetes but they are predefined by Kubernetes and do not require a specific configuration object like ValidatingWebhookConfiguration. PSPs are also deprecated in recent versions of Kubernetes.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. ValidatingWebhookConfiguration, as it is the Kubernetes object used to configure admission webhooks for validating requests, which aligns with the role of Defender acting as an admission controller in Prisma Cloud.

References from the provided documents:

• The documents uploaded do not contain specific details about Kubernetes objects or Prisma Cloud's integration with Kubernetes. However, this explanation aligns with general Kubernetes practices and Prisma Cloud's capabilities in securing Kubernetes environments.