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An investment bank of a southern African country appoints a task force to assess current climate risk practices. The task force examines the potential of climate change to cause systemic risk at the macro level to inform climate investment strategies. The task force evaluates potential disruption scenarios to the financial system due to climate risk. Which risk type will most likely have the lowest potential to cause systemic risk to the financial system of the country?
A risk consultant begins an engagement for a development agency. The engagement focuses on identifying policies that address climate change impacts. The consultant drafts an action plan that incorporates a roadmap of effective climate policies to present to senior directors at a strategic meeting. The plan includes an introductory summary of the backdrop and effectiveness of historical and current climate policies.
How should the consultant describe the context of climate policy evolution?
The CRO of an automobile manufacturer in North America prepares a keynote address on risks in the auto sector over the next decade. The CRO highlights the primary technology risks facing its line of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles.
At approximately what point will many manufacturers of ICE vehicles experience a significant technology risk?
The CRO at a commercial bank in China examines the negative impact of climate-related physical risk on clothing manufacturer cash flows that subsequently lead to higher credit risk.
The CRO observes which event leading to increased credit risk from climate physical risk?
Which of the following greenhouse gases (GHGs) has the longest lifetime in the atmosphere?
A large insurance company in South America expands use of climate scenario analysis. The company used RCPs in previous scenario analyses but now hires an actuary with climate expertise to incorporate SSPs in this process.
How can the actuary advise the insurance company use SSPs going forward?
An international chemical manufacturing company produces a variety of consumer and industrial goods and services. To progress company alignment with the SDGs, the sustainability director suggests incorporating nature-based strategies.
Which strategy best represents a nature-based solution for the company?
In response to a survey showing consumers consider sustainability a key factor in purchasing decisions, a group of cosmetics companies announce a collaboration to develop an environmental impact assessment and sustainability framework for cosmetics products. The framework enables customers to evaluate the environmental impact of products they purchase. The framework draft includes definitions of climate, green, and sustainable finance.
Which of the following definitions is appropriate for the proposed framework?
To align with industry trends, the risk team at a fashion merchandizing company evaluates the company climate risk framework. The risk team enhances the company climate risk framework by including a list of potential transition risks. Which of the following transition risks does the team most likely include in the framework?
After launching new large-scale sites for engine testing, a global automaker prepares a GHG inventory report according to the GHG Protocol. An analyst on the sustainability team gathers data for the assessment. The analyst identifies emissions from production processes, previously deemed irrelevant at the corporate level, now constitute over 25% of company aggregated GHG emissions across plant sites.
Which GHG Protocol principle did the company analyst follow?
A retail company operates internationally, and increasingly incurs scrutiny for environmental and social impacts. In response, the company adopts the SDGs. The company sustainability director begins this process by linking the SDGs to material concerns for the company.
Which strategy should the director suggest the company take to directly address one of the SDGs?
Senior management of a sportswear manufacturer will issue a bond to optimize company capital structure, while providing investors with an opportunity to contribute to positive transformation of the fashion industry. Management prefers a bond with a high rate of issuance, and the company sustainability team researches various green and sustainable finance instruments and issuance information over the past 5 years. The team recommends a bond that globally posted the highest growth in issuance between 2019 and 2020.
Which bond did the team recommend?
The Commissioners of Insurance for a state in the western United States recommends all insurers now report annually on climate change, using TCFD guidance.
Which of the following sectors do the commissioners correctly identify as encompassing the full scope of the TCFD recommendations?
A European bank surveyed its most prominent clients to assess interest in sustainability-linked loans (SLLs) and green loans. The survey came after a recent study showed higher profitability rates of SLLs and green products than classical banking products. After positive feedback, the bank decides to introduce SLLs and green loans. The bank’s sustainability loan officer writes a new loan product guideline for corporate clients that explains SLLs and green loans.
How will the bank officer describe these loan types?
A multinational footwear company prepares its annual GHG inventory. The company sustainability director organizes data according to the GHG Protocol and prepares a set of recommended actions to lower company emissions.
Which action is the director most likely to recommend to reduce company Scope 3 emissions?
The risk team for a multinational company, that operates and franchises hotel and timeshare properties, prepares talking points for an upcoming business continuity plan meeting. A key area for discussion are the risks that can impact the company’s financial and reputational stability. The team recommends the company conduct climate-related scenario analysis and provides examples of scenarios and their use.
Which of the following is correct for the team to include as part of the talking points?
A major hurricane extensively damages the electrical infrastructure of a utility company. To improve the utility’s risk management, the risk director prepares a strategy plan and incorporates climate risk considerations within the existing risk management framework.
Which recommendation should the director make to incorporate climate risk into the framework’s risk identification component?
The board of directors of a growing asset management firm recommends the firm expand its ERM framework to incorporate climate risks. In response, the risk team references the COSO ERM framework for applying ESG-related risks to develop and propose a strategy to implement climate risk into the various ERM components.
How will the risk team modify the existing strategy component of the company’s ERM framework?
A private equity fund invests in infrastructure development and agro-industrial projects. The fund hires a team of climate risk consultants to advise on investment structure and the potential climate risks to the fund. The team recommends data types and analytical tools to evaluate physical and transition risk impact at the company level.
How should the company evaluate company-level physical risk?
An oil and gas company aligns strategy and resiliency planning with long-term global climate goals. After conducting a feasibility study, a company climate risk analyst recommends incorporating IEA scenarios into company strategy development. How might the use of IEA reference scenarios improve company strategy planning?
A product manager at a regional bank analyzes customer feedback and sustainability trends to enhance bank offerings. After completing the review, the manager recommends a new consumer-facing product to attract sustainability-conscious customers. Which product does the manager most likely recommend?
Senior management of a sportswear manufacturer will issue a bond to optimize company capital structure, while providing investors with an opportunity to contribute to positive transformation of the fashion industry. Management prefers a bond with a high rate of issuance, and the company sustainability team researches various green and sustainable finance instruments and issuance information over the past 5 years. The team recommends a bond that globally posted the highest growth in issuance between 2019 and 2020.
Which bond did the team recommend?
A large real estate investment firm increases resources to understand transition and physical risks as it expands into markets with climate regulations and increasing flooding events. Senior leadership requires the risk team train all business units in understanding how both climate risks can impact operations.
During this process, how should the risk team define commonalities between both risks?
A climate risk consultant advises an Eastern European central bank. In response to regulatory changes, the bank will incorporate climate-related risks into bank policies. The consultant writes a summary on how central banks incorporated climate-related risks into policies. The summary highlights the Bank of England (BoE) example to demonstrate how the BoE integrated climate-related risks within the bank supervisory scope.
Which of the following BoE practices will the consultant recommend?
A climate analyst at a research institution analyzes climate risk for various companies. The analyst examines transmission channels of climate risk as part of the risk identification process.
Which of the following examples can the analyst use to describe an operational risk transmission channel?
A multinational food and beverage corporation has growing concerns that CO2 and other GHGs in the atmosphere have a negative effect on agricultural productivity. The corporation is subject to higher costs and scarce availability for commodities necessary for its supply chain.
The corporation will disclose this scenario under which climate-related risk type?
A credit loan officer at a commercial bank reviews a loan application from a company engaged in coal-fired power generation. The loan officer examines transition risks associated with the company’s business strategy.
What policy risk driver should the loan officer identify?
The risk team at an agricultural company in Easter Europe evaluates crop yield production performance. The evaluation reveals high temperature and water shortages will likely harm crop production, and current company insurance will not mitigate this exposure. The team recommends increasing coverage by purchasing an additional insurance policy that includes area yield protection.
According to the COSO ERM framework, which risk response strategy did the team recommend?
The CRO for a large agriculture company reviews reference scenarios as part of an annual climate scenario analysis exercise. The CRO creates a transition risk matrix that compares four different scenarios - W, X, Y, Z. Scenarios are compared according to scale of emissions cuts and pace of emission cuts. Scale is depicted as business as usual (BAU) to net-zero. Pace is depicted as orderly to disorderly. The CRO uses this matrix to explain transition risk to the company’s executive members:
How should the CRO rank the reference scenarios from lowest level of transition risk to highest level of transition risk?
A prominent housing developer plans construction of a small low-carbon-emitting city in an equatorial nation. The developer plans to maximize renewable energy use and estimates daily city summer solar energy generation capacity and load (total electricity demand), in megawatts (MW):
The developer estimates the following for capacity and load:
At 14:00 solar generation is highest at 720 MW
At 20:00 solar generation decreases to 0 MW
At 20:00 load is highest at 980 MW
At 4:00 load is lowest at 380 MW
How should the developer meet additional energy demand while achieving the lowest-carbon-emission goal option?
A mid-size bank in Australia will implement scenario analysis as part of a risk assessment to measure climate risk. A risk manager in charge of this project reviews current practices among peers worldwide.
To align with common and well-established practices of financial firms, how will the risk manager implement scenario analysis to assess climate risk?
A Central American country signs the Paris Agreement to align actions and policies to keep global temperature rise below 1.5°C. The country’s environmental agency develops a nationally determined contribution plan that includes domestic, economy-wide, and sector-specific policies. The power generation sector is most comprehensively covered by the plan.
Which policy included in the plan targets the power generation sector?
TESTED 14 Apr 2026