Cisco 400-007 Dumps

ChatGPT said:???? QUESTION NO: 391

[Main Topic: Scenario-Based Design Strategy Guidance]

Feature-rich and attributed networks are used to model complex systems where nodes and links can represent various relationships and characteristics. Which two alternative network models can be used to model interactions over time or by specific relationships?

A. heterogeneous network

B. information network

C. location-aware network

D. multilayer network

E. probabilistic network

F. temporal network

Answer: D, F

????Comprehensive Explanation:

D. Multilayer Network:This model captures different types of relationships or interactions by separating them into layers. Each layer can represent a specific attribute (e.g., organizational structure, communication paths, or access levels), enabling a more granular view of network behaviors or dependencies.

F. Temporal Network:A temporal network models interactions over time by including timestamps or time intervals for each interaction or link. It’s well-suited for analyzing dynamic behaviors such as traffic flow, communication logs, or transaction timelines.

Other options:

❌A. Heterogeneous Network: Refers to networks composed of different technologies or platforms, not necessarily different types of attributes or timelines.

❌B. Information Network: This is a general term and does not specifically define a structured modeling approach for attributes or time.

❌C. Location-Aware Network: Involves geolocation or spatial data but does not inherently model time or multi-attribute structures.

❌E. Probabilistic Network: Uses probability distributions to model uncertain events, not ideal for modeling time or attributes.

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???? QUESTION NO: 392

[Main Topic: Business-Driven Design Approaches]

A company is assessing their technology landscape before moving to the cloud. They observe that over 5000 servers have less than 50% capacity utilization. What cloud architecture model best supports optimizing resource utilization?

A. homogenous cloud

B. heterogenous cloud

C. hybrid-private cloud

D. public cloud

Answer: D

????Comprehensive Explanation:

D. Public Cloud:Public cloud services provide elastic and scalable infrastructure. For workloads with low or variable utilization, public cloud offers pay-as-you-go models that significantly reduce the overhead of underutilized on-prem hardware. This is ideal for shifting capital expenditure (CAPEX) to operational expenditure (OPEX), achieving better cost efficiency.

Other options:

❌A. Homogenous Cloud: Not a standard term; it might imply uniform hardware/software environments, but it doesn’t address utilization.

❌B. Heterogenous Cloud: Typically used to describe mixed environments but doesn’t directly offer utilization optimization.

❌C. Hybrid-Private Cloud: Offers flexibility and data control but still often involves maintaining some level of underused on-prem resources unless carefully managed.

In an IS-IS design, placing the Level-1/Level-2 (L1/L2) boundary at the core limits the extent of the flooding domain, improving scalability and stability.

By limiting Level-2 flooding to the core, instability or frequent changes in the access/distribution layers (typically Level-1) do not impact the core.

The core remains stable, while routing changes are isolated within the Level-1 domains.

Other options explained:

A: Overlapping domains are not a design objective.

B: This has no direct impact on Layer 1 complexity.

C: IS-IS design must match topology hierarchy; this is not universally applicable.

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In a DMVPN (Dynamic Multipoint VPN) design:

One site (here, Chicago) functions as the Next Hop Server (NHS), which facilitates dynamic spoke-to-spoke tunnel establishment.

DMVPN is based on multipoint GRE tunnels combined with NHRP (Next Hop Resolution Protocol).

The ability to detect remote tunnel endpoint failures is essential for reliable routing convergence and tunnel restoration.

While GRE (Option C) is the encapsulation mechanism used in DMVPN, it does not inherently provide failure detection. Likewise, VPLS and L2TPv3 are Layer 2 VPN technologies and not applicable in DMVPN design.

To meet the requirement of peer failure detection, the correct mechanism is:

B. IP SLA (Service-Level Agreement): This is a feature that actively monitors the health and reachability of tunnel endpoints through periodic probes (e.g., ICMP echo). When the peer becomes unreachable, routing protocol adjacencies can be withdrawn, and alternate paths selected.

Using IP SLA in a DMVPN design helps detect endpoint failure scenarios such as:

A spoke going down unexpectedly

Loss of return traffic

Partial link failures

This design pattern is aligned with CCDE v3.1 "Protocol Design Implications", emphasizing resiliency, fault detection, and efficient routing convergence in overlay VPN designs like DMVPN.