The SecOps Group CAP Dumps

A docker-compose.yml file is a YAML-formatted configuration file used with Docker Compose, a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. Its primary significance lies in orchestrating the deployment of Docker containers by specifying services (e.g., web server, database), networks (e.g., internal communication), and volumes (e.g., persistent storage). An exposed docker-compose.yml file poses a security risk because it may reveal sensitive configuration details, such as service names, ports, environment variables (e.g., database credentials), and network settings, which attackers could exploit to target the application.

Option A ("The docker-compose.yml file is a YAML file that contains the application source code"): Incorrect, as this file defines configuration and orchestration, not source code.

Option B ("The docker-compose.yml file is a YAML file that contains the server logs and user session information..."): Incorrect, as logs and session data are stored elsewhere (e.g., in container logs or databases), not in docker-compose.yml.

Option C ("The docker-compose.yml file is a YAML file that is used to define the services, networks, and volumes..."): Correct, as it accurately describes the file’s purpose and content, including configuration and dependencies, which are critical for Docker applications.

Option D ("The docker-compose.yml file is a YAML file that contains the configuration of load balancers and firewalls"): Incorrect, as it focuses only on load balancers and firewalls, which are specific components and not the primary focus of the file.

The correct answer is C, aligning with the CAP syllabus under "Container Security" and "Configuration Management."References: SecOps Group CAP Documents - "Docker Security," "Container Orchestration," and "OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS)" sections.

Insecure Deserialization occurs when untrusted data is deserialized by an application, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code, manipulate objects, or cause denial-of-service. If user input is not validated or sanitized, many languages and frameworks are vulnerable to this issue because deserialization often involves reconstructing objects from serialized data, which can include malicious payloads.

Option A (".NET"): .NET applications (e.g., using BinaryFormatter or XmlSerializer) areprone to Insecure Deserialization if untrusted data is deserialized without validation. For example, BinaryFormatter can execute arbitrary code during deserialization, a well-known vulnerability (e.g., CVE-2017-11882).

Option B ("Java"): Java’s ObjectInputStream is notoriously vulnerable to Insecure Deserialization. Libraries like java.io.Serializable can execute code during deserialization of untrusted data, as seen in vulnerabilities like Apache Commons Collections (CVE-2015-7501).

Option C ("PHP"): PHP applications using functions like unserialize() are vulnerable if they deserialize untrusted input. For example, an attacker can craft a serialized object to trigger a gadget chain, leading to remote code execution (e.g., CVE-2016-7124).

Option D ("All of the above"): Correct, as .NET, Java, and PHP all have deserialization mechanisms that, if not properly secured, can lead to Insecure Deserialization vulnerabilities when handling untrusted input.

The correct answer is D, aligning with the CAP syllabus under "Insecure Deserialization" and "OWASP Top 10 (A08:2021 - Software and Data Integrity Failures)."References: SecOps Group CAP Documents - "Insecure Deserialization," "Serialization Security," and "OWASP Deserialization Cheat Sheet" sections.

The scenario describes a vulnerability where a user can manipulate the order_id parameter in theURL (e.g., https://example.com/?order_id=53870) to access other users’ order details, indicating a lack of proper access control. This is a classic case of an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)attack. IDOR occurs when an application exposes a reference to an internal object (e.g., an order ID) that can be manipulated by an unauthorized user to access resources they should not have access to, without validating the user’s permissions.

Option A ("Insecure Direct Object Reference"): Correct, as the ability to change order_id to view arbitrary orders fits the definition of IDOR.

Option B ("Session Poisoning"): Incorrect, as session poisoning involves corrupting or altering a user’s session data, which is not indicated here.

Option C ("Session Riding OR Cross-Site Request Forgery"): Incorrect, as CSRF involves tricking a user into submitting a request (e.g., via a malicious form), not manipulating a URL parameter directly.

Option D ("Server-Side Request Forgery"): Incorrect, as SSRF involves tricking the server into making unauthorized requests to internal or external resources, which is not the case here.

The correct answer is A, aligning with the CAP syllabus under "Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR)" and "OWASP Top 10 (A04:2021 - Insecure Design)."References: SecOps Group CAP Documents - "IDOR Vulnerabilities," "Access Control," and "OWASP Testing Guide" sections.